CHANGELOG

Changelog

All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.

The format is based on Keep a Changelog
and this project adheres to Semantic Versioning since version 4.0.

Project website: https://github.com/mviereck/x11docker

[Unreleased]

Fixed

- --westonini: Add Xwayland wrapper to custom weston config.
- hostname -I: replaced with ip -4 check.
(560)
- --xoverip *xwayland: use -listen tcp instead of socat.
Should have been changed already in a previous release.
- --xc: Check for existing files/devices before mount.
(564)

Changed

- --satellite: No longer experimental due to release v0.8.1
of xwayland-satellite supporting several X options.

Added

- --xlogo: Run xlogo. Helper for --clipboard=cmv like --xeyes.

7.8.0 - 2026-01-17

Fixed

- --hostdisplay --xauth: fix cookie if extension SECURITY is missing.
(557)
- WSL2g: don't default to --runx if DISPLAY is set.
(557)
- WSL2g: use socat to create a unix socket from virtual socket.
(557)
- WSL2: Improved IP check.
(557)
- --xc: fix command order for xtool() and nvidia driver installation.
- /etc/profile.d/10-x11docker-env.sh: Do not set DISPLAY,
set XAUTHORITY=~/.Xauthority in ssh sessions.
(554)
- fix ps calls for alpine/busybox. Use psproc on MSYS2 and Cygwin.
(556)
(558)
- --wm: minor fixes.
- --xc --backend=host: fix backend check rootfull or rootless.

Changed

- --weston-xwayland: Support rootless Xwayland.
- --weston-xwayland: Support option --wayland.
- --weston =[ARG]: New optional arguments,
--weston=x: runs --weston-xwayland --wayland
--weston=X: runs --weston-xwayland --wayland --desktop
(501)
- --hostwayland: Can be set additionally to X server options
to run X and Wayland applications side by side.
- --hostdisplay: Use XlibNoSHM.so without --xc, too.
- --xc using a tty: Needs --xc=force with NVIDIA.
- --clipboard: Support Wayland. Drop primary support.
Deprecate argument oneway: New arguments c2h, h2c.
Deprecate arguments superv|altv: New argument cmv.
Wayland keybinding with x11docker/xserver.

Added

- --xw: New option to run X and Wayland apps side by side.
- --pipewire: New option for PipeWire sound in container.
(545)
(527)
(507)
(418)
(380)
- --xeyes: New option to run xeyes, can help with
--clipboard=cmv in Wayland+X11 containers (option --xw).
- Partial support of Docker Desktop edition.

Deprecated

- --backend=nerdctl: Deprecated, likely rarely used.
- --runtime=kata-runtime: Deprecated, likely rarely used.
(543)
- --build: Deprecated, would have needed ADD support.
- --gpu: Deprecated argument virgl.

7.7.1 - 2025-11-23

Fixed

- --xc --xorg: Add /dev/tty0 /dev/fb0. Needed on Debian trixie
to run from console.
- --xc --weston*: Use --ipc=host for X container. Needed for
Debian trixie X container to run nested in X.
- --xc --gpu: fix nvidia driver installation in X container
- --xc=docker --backend=podman: Fix capabilities / DAC_OVERRIDE
- --xc --gpu: fix check for already installed NVIDIA driver.
- --password: Show host user name for container user password.
(535)
(537)

7.7.0 - 2025-011-18

Fixed

- --password: fix mkdir issue if ~/.config/x11docker does not exist.
(535)
(537)
- --xwayland: use -decorate.
- --*xwayland': use -force-xrandr-emulation.
- --weston-xwayland: print -xoptpossibilities.
- --backend: Docker Desktop: Exit with error, not supported.
- jq and python parsing.
(525)
(485)
(493)
(504)
- --pulseaudio: share cookie file.
(507)
- mygetent(): check for system getent.
(496)
(510)

Added

- --xopt=ARG: Add custom arguments to X server command.
- ssh: add softlink to ~/.Xauthority and create /run/sshd.
Create helper script /x11docker/sshenvfor environment setup.
(554)

Deprecated

- --kwin: Deprecated because of issues and likely rare use.
Use --weston instead.

7.6.0 - 2023-01-18

Changed

- --install|--update|--update-master: Up to version 7.5.0
x11docker installed itself with prefix /usr,
now it uses /usr/local. This serves to follow the
Linux Foundation specifications of /usr/local.
To help with the transition, a new option --remove-oldprefix
was introduced.
An update from previous versions must be done twice to take effect.
Recommended procedure:
- First run: x11docker --update
- Again run: x11docker --update
- Afterwards run: x11docker --remove-oldprefix

Added

- --remove-oldprefix: Remove installation in old prefix /usr.
(479)

7.5.0 - 2023-01-16

Added

- man page for x11docker. (Run update from 7.4.2 twice to install it.)
(469)

Fixed

- --tty failed with --xc. Fix: disable --xc.
(464)
- --xonly: run socat unprivileged to make the unix socket accessible.
(466)
- --share: Softlink fix for folders in HOME.
(475)
- jq support to lessen python dependency.
(478)
- Replace getent with custom grep command.
(477)
- --install|--update*: Do not depend on backend.
(470)

Deprecated

- --backend=proot: Deprecated because likely no one uses it,
but would need further checks and maintenance.

7.4.2 - 2022-08-7

Fixed

- --xpra*: Fix for Wayland+X11 on host. Use Wayland for xpra client.
Caused startup failure along with --xc.
(462)
- --hostwayland: Do not use container of x11docker/xserver (option --xc).
- --fullscreen: Enable desktop mode.
- Do not set --hostname to avoid --network issues.
(463)
- --runtime=sysbox: support --gpu=virgl again.

Deprecated

- --runtime=kata-runtime: recent kata v2.x does not provide kata-runtime.

7.4.1 - 2022-08-03

Changed

- --update, --update-master: New optional argument diff to show
the difference between installed and new version without installing it.
(460)

Fixed

- --xpra*: Fix check for xinitrc is ready.
(462)

7.4.0 - 2022-07-28

Added

- --xauth [=yes|trusted|untrusted|no]: New option to configure X cookie.
- --printcheck: New option to show X server dependency check messages.

Changed

- --xoverip: New optional arguments yes|no|socat|listentcp.
socat allows X over TCP with --hostdisplay and Xwayland related options.
- --gpu: changed X dependency checks.
- --hostdisplay --gpu --xc=no: Do not enable --ipc=host automatically.

Fixed

- --user: Fix in setup of /etc/gshadow.
- --xc: Provide X unix socket to host with socat instead of ln.
GTK3 application failed to access X through a soft link.
- --shell --no-setup: Set environment variable SHELL.
(457)
- --no-setup: Share init binary from host instead of using --init.
(457)

Deprecated

- --no-auth: Use --xauth=no instead.
- --enforce-i: Create group weston-launch instead and add your user to it.

7.3.2 - 2022-07-08

Added

- --clipboard=yes: Limited support for Wayland clients.
(Host X to container Wayland only.)

Fixed

- --xc: Don't add groups video or render if they do not exist.
(454)

7.3.1 - 2022-07-01

Added

- --xc: Support --kwin, nested and on console.
- --xc: Support --xpra-xwayland.

Fixed

- --xc: Add missing code for --xvfb.
(452)
- --xc: Provide --hostdisplay dependencies.

7.3.0 - 2022-06-27

Added

- --clipboard: New arguments oneway, altv and superv
to restrict container access to host clipboard content.
(#440)
(#379)
(#152)
- --checkwindow [=ARG]: New option to run container as long as X windows
are open or to stop them as soon as keyword ARG disappears from xwininfo.
(#68)

Fixed

- *-xwayland: Startup fix for --xc=no / running on host.
- --xpra*-xwayland: Use xdotool from X container if available.

7.2.0 - 2022-06-21

Added

- --rootless [=yes|no]: New option to enable rootless backend.
- --xc: Support of Weston in container on console, too.
(#40)
(#444)
- --xc --xorg: Support of Xorg in container.
(#7)
(#40)
(#221)
(#258)
(#444)

Changed

- --clipboard: Added support for basic graphics clips and
middle mouse click selection for --xephyr and the like.
(#428)
- --vt: enforces start on console.
- --xc: No X tool dependencies on host.

Fixed

- --gpu: Support VA-API, VDPAU (video acceleration) and variable DRI_PRIME.
(#443)
- --xpra: Fix for --xoverip.
(#428)
- --nxagent: Fixes for --keymap.
(#208)
- --update*, --install, --cleanup: Fix error messages, exit once done.
(#435)
- --hostuser: Fixes for --backend=host|proot
(#437)
- --xc: Lots of minor fixes.

7.1.4 - 2022-03-27

Added

- --xc=BACKEND: Optional argument to choose backend for X container.

Fixed

- --build, --cleanup: Fix backend check (regression).
(#423)
- --scale: Fix for --xpra* (regression).
- --share: MS Windows: fix parsing of partition pathes like /mnt/c.
(#424)
- --xc: do not use on console (affected --weston-*).

7.1.3 - 2022-03-02

Fixed

- -g, --gpu: Fix parsing for -g(no optional argument).
(#419)
- --backend=proot: fix --interactive.

7.1.2 - 2022-03-01

Fixed

- --share: Mount Docker volumes (regression fix).
(#419)

7.1.1 - 2022-02-28

Added

- --gpu=virgl: Experimental GPU access with virgl_test_server.
Currently only along with option --xc.
Allows acceleration for Xephyr, nxagent, Xvfb etc.
- --gpu=iglx: Enable indirect rendering (--xorg only). Replaces --iglx.
- --pulseaudio=host: New argument to share pulseaudio host unix socket.
(#418)

Fixed

- --init=systemd: Changed login and service setup to support arch containers.
(#417)
- --user=RETAIN: Some fixes.
(#417)
- --clipboard: Fix for --xc.

Deprecated

- --iglx: Use --gpu=iglx instead.

7.1.0 - 2022-02-12

Added

- --backend=proot: Use a rootfs on host with proot instead of a container.
(#224)
- --backend=host: Run application from host. Replaces -e, --exe.
- --ipc [=ARG]: Replaces former --hostipc.
- --pulseaudio=host: New argument to share host pulseaudio socket.
(#418)

Changed

- --hostdisplay: Use XlibNoSHM.so from x11docker/xserver if available.
This avoids the need of --ipc=host.
- --backend: Do not use fallbacks if backend is not found.

Fixed

- --init=systemd: support cgroupv2 unified hierarchy.
(#349)
- --backend=nerdctl: Some fixes.
- --backend=host --xoverip: No error without --network.
- user/group setup fixes.
- xpra pid check fix.
- Container startup check fix.
- Several minor fixes I forgot to note here.

Deprecated

- -e, --exe: Use --backend=host instead.
- --hostipc: Use --ipc [=ARG] instead.

7.0.1 - 2022-01-20

Fixed

- --share=$HOME: Fix container path.
- Fix some X tool dependency checks.

7.0.0 - 2022-01-20

Added

- --xc: New option to run X server in container of x11docker/xserver.
Most X server and Wayland options are supported except those
running on console (notable --xorg).
- --xpra2: New X server option to run xpra server in container (--xc),
but xpra client on host.
- --xpra2-xwayland: New X server option to run accelerated xpra server
in container (--xc), but xpra client on host.
- Configuration of x11docker with default preset file. Compare --preset.
Allows to specify options that will be applied in all x11docker sessions.
Useful to declare a default --backend and/or --runtime.
- --runtime=sysbox-runc: Experimental support of sysbox runtime.
- --printenv [=FILE]: Replaces --showenv.
- --printid [=FILE]: Replaces --showid.
- --printinfofile [=FILE]: Replaces --showinfofile.
- --printpid1 [=FILE]: Replaces --showpid1.

Changed

- --network=none is default now. Use -I, --network to allow internet access.
- --user=root: Needs --sudouser or --cap-default for usual root privileges.
- --xorg: Not used as fallback if not on tty.
- --xvfb: --printenv is not set automatically.
- --xvfb: No ugly GPU support anymore.
- --xpra: No Xdummy support anymore. Needs Xfvb.
- --vt [=N]: Argument N is optional now.
(#404)
- create_dockerrc(): removed, components integrated in main script.

Fixed

- --gpu: Set environment variables of prime-run.
(#394)
- NVIDIA: Wayland/Xwayland support since driver>=470.x and Xwayland>=21.1.2
(#394)
- --user=RETAIN: Fix socket sharing bug caused by convertpath().
(#394)

Deprecated

- --kwin-xwayland: use --weston-xwayland instead.
- --showenv: use --printenv instead.
- --showid: use --printid instead.
- --showinfofile: use --printinfofile instead.
- --showpid1: use --printpid1 instead.

Removed

- x11docker-gui: Removed due to outdated and unmaintained kaptain.
- --pull: Please pull missing images yourself.
- --pw: Run x11docker directly as root or with sudo if needed.
- --xdummy: Use --xvfb instead.

6.10.0 - 2021-10-06

Added

- --build: New option to build an image from x11docker repository.
- --snap: New option to enable fallback mode to support Docker in snap.
(#375)

Changed

- --backend=nerdctl: Disallow --home in rootless mode.
- --backend: Allow --share in all rootless modes.
- Use python to parse json output of inspect.
- --update, --update-master, --remove: detect and use current installation
directory.
(#371)

Fixed

- Return exit code of container command (regression fix).
(#383)
- --share without --home: If path is in HOME, change container path and create softlink.
Otherwise HOME might not be writeable.
- --fallback: Add missing switch in option parsing.
(#372)
- --interactive: Fix output redirection.
(#364)

Removed

- --wm=container: drop containerized window manager support.

6.9.0 - 2021-06-02

Added

- --backend=BACKEND: Experimental option to choose a container backend.
Currently supported: docker, podman and nerdctl.
(#255)
(#357)
- Support of rootless docker.
(#327)
- --composite: New option to enable or disable X extension Composite.
Can help to fix issues with --nxagent.
(#345)
- --no-setup: Disable x11docker setup in container. (Formerly experimental.)

Changed

- --pw [=FRONTEND]: Argument FRONTEND is optional now to allow easy
switch to rootful nerdctl or podman. Setting FRONTEND requires =.
- --xhost [=STR]: Argument STR is optional now. If empty, set to
+SI:localuser:$USER. Setting STR requires =.

Fixed

- x11docker-gui: Fixed --share bug. Add several missing options.
(#358)
- --init=s6-overlay: Use --tmpfs /run:exec
(#340)
- containerrootrc: Don't run docker exec --privileged for container root
setup to avoid possible abuse by corrupted core utils.
- --limit: Change free memory check.
(#360)

Deprecated

- --podman: Use --backend=podman instead. (Formerly experimental)

6.8.0 - 2021-04-08

Added

- --iglx: Use indirect rendering for OpenGL.
- --password: New option to set a container user password.
(#334)

Changed

- --sudouser: Allow optional argument nopasswd for sudo without password.
(#337)

Fixed

- --size: Regard if no monitor is connected.
(#336)

6.7.0 - 2021-02-28

Added

- -I, --network: New option to set network mode.
-I will be mandatory in future to allow internet access.
Replaces --no-internet and --hostnet.
- --runasuser: New option to add (background) commands in
cmdrc. Intended to run e.g. fcitx keyboard input daemon.
(#269)
(x11docker/deepin:#2)
- --fallback=no: New option to deny fallbacks for failing options.
- --no-setup: Experimental option to disable x11docker setup in container.
- --podman: Experimental podman support.
(#255)
- --xopt: Experimental option to add custom X server options.
(#296)

Changed

- --lang: Allow multiple times to generate more than one locale.

Fixed

- --home=~/DIR: Replace ~ with $HOME.
- --hostnet: set host IP to 127.0.0.1 for options like --pulseaudio=tcp.
- --pulseaudio: set to TCP if pulseaudio runs as system daemon.
(#266)
- Allow docker logs to grab container output, too.
(#254)
- --xpra: version check failed in few circumstances.
(#287)
- --gpu: share /dev/nvmap and /dev/nvhost* if present.
(#290)
- --preset: Parse with eval to catch strings.
(x11docker/deepin:#20)
- MS Windows: IP check / no dockerNAT interface anymore.
(runx:#6)
(#325)

Deprecated

- --hostnet: Use --network=host instead.
- --no-internet: Use --network=none instead.

6.6.2 - 2020-05-19

Added

- --home=VOLUME, --share=VOLUME: Support of docker volumes.
ehough/docker-kodi#33

Fixed

- --update: Fix sed error in changelog excerpt.
(#236)
- --webcam: Add container user to group video.
(#241)

Deprecated

- --sharessh: Please use (directly or with help of option --preset):
--share $(dirname $SSH_AUTH_SOCK) --env SSH_AUTH_SOCK="$SSH_AUTH_SOCK"

6.6.1 - 2020-03-19

Fixed

- --runx: Fix XAUTHORITY copy bug.
(#219)

6.6.0 - 2020-03-19

Added

- Experimental WSL2 support. See also new option --mobyvm.
(#214)
- --preset: New option to read files with predefined option sets.
(#218)
- --mobyvm: New option to use MobyVM in WSL2.
Default for WSL2 is native Linux docker.
- --shell: New option to specify preferred user shell.
(#26)
(#211)

Changed

- --nxagent --keymap=clone: Clone xkb settings from host in nxagent.
(#208)
- --printer: Share entire run/cups, not only socket run/cups/cups.sock.
(#222)
- --wm: Improved checks and fallback handling.
Disabled context menu for host window manager --wm=openbox.

Fixed

- snap/snappy: More general detection.
(#223)
- --workdir: Fixed parsing error.
(#232)

6.5.0 - 2019-12-22

Added

- --xoverip: New option to enforce X over TCP/IP. For special setups only.
(#201)

Changed

- Run containerrootrc with --privileged. Does not affect desired
container command in containerrc. Allows less privileges with NVIDIA
driver installation and avoids issues like in
(#196)
- --xephyr: Disabled Xephyr option -glamor.
(#196)
- --runtime: Added oci to list of known runtimes.
(#205)
- TODO.md outsourced from x11docker script.

Fixed

- Support snap installation of Docker.
(#191)
- --gpu: NVIDIA driver installation failed with --cap-default.
(#198)

6.4.0 - 2019-11-14

Added

- --xtest [=yes|no]: New option to enable or disable X extension XTEST.
Can be needed for custom access with xpra.
(#190)

Fixed

- Do not set tini option -s. Avoids issue with catatonit.
(#189)
- Exchange static file descriptor numbers with dynamic ones.
Hopefully fixes an odd issue where bash eats up some lines of code on exit.
- docker-for-win: Do not use cache path within WSL subsystem.
(#165)
- --xpra: Check for validity of --opengl=noprobe.
- --xpra: Drop support on MS Windows / WSL.
- Use window manager in auto mode for --xephyr and similars.
- Fix waitforlogentry() error if pulling image.
(#193)

6.3.0 - 2019-10-04

Added

- --showinfofile: New option: Echo path to internal x11docker info storage
file. Can be parsed for informations like container IP and name.
- --newprivileges [=yes|no]: New option to set or unset docker run
option --security-opt=no-new-privileges.

Changed

- Return exit code of container command. x11docker errors return code 64.
- --dbus: Optional argument =system to run a DBus system daemon.
Similar to previous --dbus-system. For experimental setups only.
- --dbus-system: Already deprecated in v6.2.0.
New fallback: --dbus=system --cap-default.
- --exe: Run with tini/docker-init if available.
- --showenv: Does not contain X11DOCKER_CACHE anymore.
Have a look at --showinfofile instead.
- --weston, --kwin, --hostwayland: Always set all Wayland environment
variables and run with DBus user daemon. Previously needed --wayland.
- --xdummy --gpu/--xvfb --gpu: Supported only in host X,
no longer on console or on Wayland.
- --xephyr: enabled -glamor.
- Wait before starting X until possible password prompt is ready.
- Lots of code cleanup.

Fixed

- Enable X extension X-Resource to allow Gnome 3 in container.
(#16)
- Avoid double IP address while checking docker0 interface.
(#182)
- Avoid possible race condition of display number on simultaneous starts.

6.2.0 - 2019-08-17

Added

- --enforce-i: Run x11docker in interactive bash mode. Rather special option
to provide a fix for special issues, e.g. running weston-launch
on void linux that needs an interactive tty. Not recommended in general.
(#166)
(#176)
- -F: Shortcut for --xfishtank.
- -l: Shortcut for --lang.
- -P: Shortcut for --printer.
- -V: Same as -v, --verbose, but with colored output.
Useful e.g. with --init=systemd.

Changed

- Short options do not accept optional arguments. Affects -l -m -p -P -w -v.
- -m: Does not accept optional argument =PATH. Use --home=PATH instead.
- -v, --verbose: Does not accept argument =c anymore. Use -V instead.
- -w: Does not accept argument anymore. Use --wm=ARG instead.
- --xpra: Runs on Wayland since xpra v3.0-r23305.

Deprecated

- --dbus-system: Use one of --init=systemd|openrc|runit|sysvinit instead.
Current fallback: --init=systemd.

Fixed

- --workdir: Has been overwritten / no effect.
- Fixed tty check if not running in a terminal.
(#176)
(#177)

6.1.1 - 2019-07-31

Fixed

- --gpu: Add user to group render.

6.1.0 - 2019-07-30

Added

- --clean-xhost: Disable xhost access policies on host display.
- --no-xhost: Reintroduced for backwards compatibility. Deprecated.
Use --clean-xhostinstead.
- --systemd: Reintroduced for backwards compatibility. Deprecated.
Use --init=systemd instead.

Changed

- --home: Allow optional host folder DIR with --home=DIR.
- --printer: Allow optional argument tcp|socket.
Allows CUPS printing for --runtime=kata-runtime.
- --share: Don't share --volume along with --device.
Has been a workaround for an old Docker bug setting wrong file ownerships.
#24

Deprecated

- --homedir=DIR: Use --home=DIR instead.
- --systemd: Use --init=systemd instead.
- --no-xhost: Use --clean-xhost instead.

Fixed

- --xpra --clipboard: Fix not using xpra option --xsettings=no.
xpra ticket #2342
- Copy /etc/skel into empty HOME.

6.0.0 - 2019-07-08

Changed

- --wm: Use image x11docker/openbox to provide a window manager.
Set --wm=host or --wm=COMMANDto use a host window manager.
Set --wm=IMAGE to run local image IMAGE as window manager.
(#158)

Removed

- --vcxsrv: X server on Windows. Use runx on MS Windows instead
to provide X for x11docker: https://github.com/mviereck/runx
(#165)
- --pulseaudio on MS Windows is no longer supported.
- --ps, --trusted, --untrusted, --no-xtest, --no-xhost,
--silent, --stderr, --stdout, --nothing, --cachedir, --starter,
--tini, --systemd, --openrc, --runit, --sysvinit, --no-init,
--sys-admin: Removed; search this changelog for possible replacements
noted in 'Deprecated' chapters.

Fixed

- --gpu with automated NVIDIA driver installation:
Don't set --security-opt=no-new-privileges.
(#162)
- --hostwayland: Fix socket name issue.
(ehough/kodi #26)
- WSL: Add Windows System32 path to PATH. Can miss with sudo.
(#153)
- --update, --update-master: Support more common tar beside unzip.
(#115)
- --xwin: Use random display number.
(#165)
- --xpra: Check for option availability to support multiple versions.
Significantly faster startup since xpra v3.0-r23066.
(#167)
(#165)

5.6.0 - 2019-05-02

Added

- --runtime=RUNTIME: New option to specify container runtime.
Known runtimes: runc (docker default), crun, nvidia and kata-runtime.
(#138)
- --share=PATH: Share file or folder. Replaces --sharedir.
Works for device files in /dev, too. Shares targets of symlinks, too.

Deprecated

- --sharedir: Use --share instead.
- --no-xhost: No replacement.
- --sys-admin: No replacement.

Fixed

- --clipboard: Bugfix for --xephyr and some other desktop mode X servers.
(#152)
- --dbus-system: Fixed startup failure with user switching.
- --init=sysvinit|runit|openrc: Always create service to start system DBus.
- elogind support for debian buster containers. Partial support for Void.
- docker commit: Throw error if running a recursive image command
created with docker commit from an x11docker container.
(#146)

5.5.2 - 2019-04-08

Added

- --init=s6-overlay: Support of init system s6 as given by s6-overlay.
(#136)

Changed

- x11docker without an option: show x11docker --help instead of running
an empty X server.

Fixed

- --init=systemd|openrc|runit: fixes for several container systems.
- --dbus-system: Regression fix for service file check.
- --exe: Regard possible -- in command. Command before it has been
dropped errately as invalid DOCKER_RUN_OPTIONS before.
- --tty: Workaround: Set environment variables LINES and COLUMNS to
current terminal size. Only needed without --interactive.
Docker bug ticket #33794
- --init=tini: Support of native docker-init on docker-for-win.
- Check for availability of realpath.
- --kwin,--kwin-xwayland: Check for option --windowed.
(#144)

5.5.1 - 2019-03-18

Deprecated

- --ps: Preserved cache and container. No replacement.

Changed

- --lang[=LOCALE]: Argument LOCALE is optional now. Note that = is
mandatory now. Use --lang=ru instead of --lang ru.
--lang without an argument sets $LANG from host.

Fixed

- Fix for host user check after multiple su.
- --entrypoint env instead of --entrypoint /usr/bin/env.
Some systems have /bin/env instead.

5.5.0 - 2019-03-06

Added

Deprecated

- --tini: Use --init=tini instead.
- --systemd: Use --init=systemd instead.
- --sysvinit: Use --init=sysvinit instead.
- --openrc: Use --init=openrc instead.
- --runit: Use --init=runit instead.
- --no-init: Use --init=none instead.

Changed

- --wm[=COMMAND]: Argument COMMAND is optional now. Note that = is
mandatory now. Use --wm=openbox instead of --wm openbox.
--wm without an argument autodetects a host window manager.

Fixed

- Execute containerrootrc in /tmp of container to circumvent possible
issues with access 700 of ~/.cache on host.
(#131)
- Check repeatedly for PID1 of container to avoid race condition on slow systems.
(#133)

5.4.4 - 2019-02-24

Fixed

- --gpu: NVIDIA driver installation: Avoid --install-libglvnd and
--no-nvidia-modprobe for installer versions that do not support it.
Fool dependency check for binutils for old installer versions.
Skip installation if --runtime=nvidia is given in docker run options.
(#127)

5.4.3 - 2019-02-19

Changed

- --alsa[=CARDNAME]: Accepts a sound card name as optional argument.
- --gpu: NVIDIA driver installation: Avoid dependencies on kmod and xz.

Fixed

- --gpu: NVIDIA driver installation: Old versions need --install-libglvnd.

5.4.2 - 2019-02-18

Fixed

- --gpu: Fixes for automated NVIDIA driver installation.
(#127)

5.4.1 - 2019-02-08

Fixed

- --update: Remove debug output of set -x.

5.4.0 - 2019-02-08

Added

- --pull [=ask|yes|no|always]: New option to allow/deny docker pull.
(#109)
- --limit[=FACTOR]: New option to restrict RAM and CPU usage.
- --border: New option to draw a colored border into --xpra windows.
Helps to distinguish between host and container applications.
(#91)
- --xtest, --xcomposite: Experimental options to enable X extensions
XTEST and COMPOSITE. Might be removed in later releases.
(#117)

Changed

- Copy /etc/skel/. in container to HOME if HOME is empty.
- Changed shebang #! /bin/bash to #! /usr/bin/env bash for portability.
(#83)
- Allow interactive docker pull in terminal only. Do not start additional
X terminal. (#109)
- Prefer starting terminal to ask for root password. Use additional X terminal
only as a fallback.
(#109)

Fixed

- API FIX: Preserve quoting in image command correctly.
Image commands like sh -c 'ls && pwd' previously failed.
Instead 'ls && pwd' sort of worked although it is weird.
Now sh -c 'ls && pwd' works as intended and 'ls && pwd' fails.
(#112)
- -t, --tty: Long option was not parsed.
- docker-for-win: Fixed IP check
(#102)
- docker-for-win: Make sure container is terminated.
(#106)
- docker-for-win: --interactive: Use winpty wrapper.
(#87)
- MSYS2/Cygwin: Always use X over IP to serve e.g. Xvfb.exe, too.
(#123)
- --update: Fixed sed parsing error for excerpt of CHANGELOG.md.

5.3.3 - 2018-11-17

Added

- -i, --interactive: New option to run with an interactive TTY.
(#87)
- -t, --tty: Replaces --nothing. Runs no X server, uses terminal only.
Allows x11docker -ti similar to often used docker run -ti.
- -q, --quiet: Replaces --silent. Suppress x11docker messages.

Deprecated

- --silent: Use --quiet instead.
- --nothing: Use --tty instead.
- --stdout: stdout is always displayed now.
- --stderr: stderr is always displayed now.
- -Q: stdout and stderr are always displayed now.

Fixed

- --webcam: Share /run/udev/data to provide device information for
cheese and gnome-ring.
(#86)
(#75)
- --sysvinit: fixed startup failure due to missing container user name.

5.3.2 - 2018-11-08

Added

- --user=RETAIN: Keep user settings of image instead of creating a new one.
(#85)

Fixed

- gnome-terminal did not appear for password prompt or docker pull.
(#84)
- Watch container pid 1 instead of container pid itself. Avoids issue on NixOS
where users cannot see processes of other users, root or docker in this case.
Throw error if x11docker cannot watch container pid 1 due to hidepid=2.
(#83)

5.3.1 - 2018-10-22

Fixed

- --hostdisplay: Fixed XAUTHORITY issue if running over ssh -X.
(#81)

5.3.0 - 2018-10-11

Added

- --launcher: Replaces --starter, creates an application launcher.

Changed

- Major code cleanup and restructuring. New: commented main() routine.
- --dbus: Always uses dbus-run-session, doesn't try dbus-launch anymore.
- --xpra: Allow choice of virtual frame buffer with --xdummy or --xvfb.
If not specified: defaults to Xvfb, fallback to Xdummy.

Deprecated

- --starter: Use --launcher instead.
- --trusted: Use --clipboard instead.
- --untrusted: No replacement.
- --xtest: No replacement.
- --no-xtest: No replacement.

Fixed

- --weston, --kwin: Did not terminate due to DBus issue.
- --xdummy, --xvfb: avoid X message boxes if there is no host X.
Affects error messages and docker pull.
(#77)
- --pw: regression fix, did not prompt for password in terminal window.
- /etc/pam.d/su: allow additional default configs.
- Export environment variables DOCKER_* in dockerrc if some exist.
(#79)

5.2.0 - 2018-09-17

Added

- --webcam: New option to share webcam devices /dev/video*.
(#75)
- --hostdbus: New option to connect container to DBus session from host.
- -q: New option, shortcut for --stdout --stderr --silent.
- -Q: New option, shortcut for --stdout --stderr.

Changed

- --wayland: Does not run --dbus-system anymore to avoid complexity
and issues on arch linux. Some old GTK3 applications may fail now.
In that case, use --weston instead.
- --sharedir DIR: Appending :ro to DIR restricts to read-only access.

Fixed

- --systemd --verbose: journalctl.log was not shown.
- --systemd: fixed slow dbus startup.

5.1.0 - 2018-09-02

Added

- --printer: New option to access CUPS printer server.
(#73)

Fixed

- --hostdisplay: Fixed wrong DISPLAY detection if XAUTHORITY is missing,
happened e.g. in Gnome Wayland session.
(#74)
- --nxagent: X authentication was set to xhost +.
Now restricted to cookie using clients again.

5.0.0 - 2018-08-20

Added

- Support of MSYS2, Cygwin and WSL on MS Windows.
(#55)
- --vcxsrv: New option for VcXsrv
X server on MS Windows. Similar to Xming.
(#55)
- --xwin: New option for Xwin X server of Cygwin/X on MS Windows.
- --sharessh: New option to share SSH agent authentication socket from host.
(#59)
- --name: New option to set container name.
(#61)
- --cachebasedir: Set custom cache base directory. Replaces --cachedir.
- --homebasedir: Set base directory where to store folders for --home.

Changed

- API CHANGE: Syntax changed for custom DOCKER_RUN_OPTIONS
(#58). New:

text

x11docker [OPTIONS] --  DOCKER_RUN_OPTIONS -- IMAGE [COMMAND [ARG1 ARG2 ...]]

Previous syntax, still valid, but deprecated:

text

x11docker [OPTIONS] -- "DOCKER_RUN_OPTIONS"   IMAGE [COMMAND [ARG1 ARG2 ...]]
   x11docker [OPTIONS] -- IMAGE COMMAND ARG1 -- ARG2

BREAKS due to wrongly parsed -- :

text

x11docker [OPTIONS] -- "DOCKER_RUN_OPTIONS"   IMAGE COMMAND ARG1 -- ARG2

Valid:

text

x11docker [OPTIONS] --  DOCKER_RUN_OPTIONS -- IMAGE COMMAND ARG1 -- ARG2

- --pulseaudio allows optional argument =tcp or =socket.
Defaults to connection over shared socket on Linux and to TCP connection
on MS Windows. On Linux both modes are possible, on MS Windows TCP only.
- --verbose: takes optional argument c for colored output, eg -vc.

Deprecated

- --cachedir: Use --cachebasedir instead.

Removed

- --ipc: Use --hostipc instead.
- --net: Use --hostnet instead.
- --sharewayland: Use --wayland instead.
- --setwaylandenv: Use --wayland instead.
- --dbus-daemon, --dbusdaemon: Use --dbus-system instead.
- --add: Use --runfromhost instead.

Fixed

- --xpra: Support of outdated xpra version v0.17.6 that is still
distributed in debian stretch and buster.
- --xpra: Set x11docker cache folder as xpra socket folder.
(#69)
- --xpra: Check if xhost is available if xpra version 2.3.1 has cookie
issue. (#57)
- --xpra-xwayland: Set Weston --fullscreen to get Xwayland resolution
matching host display. Weston v4.0.0 seems to interpret screen size
settings in weston.ini different than before.
- --pulseaudio: create socket to share instead of using existing one.
(#71)
- --pw gksu, --pw gksudo: Disable keyboard grabbing to avoid issues
with Gnome 3 Wayland session.
- Don't fail on missing password prompt frontend if no password is needed.

4.3.6 - 2018-07-03

Changed

- --auto: Prefer --xpra and --xephyr over --nxagent again.
--nxagent too often has issues with extension Composite.
- --xorg: Allow running Xorg as root from within X
if /etc/X11/Xwrapper.config is not configured to allow it.
- --xpra, --xpra-xwayland: Set maximal --quality 100.

Fixed

- --xpra: Check for tty timeout had a bug that caused all clients
of same server to terminate if one client was closed.
- --xorg: Secure check for free tty instead of guessing it.
- --xorg: Error messages appear on new display instead of host display.
- --sysvinit, --runit, --openrc: Clean shutdown on CTRL-C / SIGINT.
- x11docker-gui: Fixed issue with self-terminating on cleanup.
- errors within subshells did not reliably terminate x11docker.
- --tini: Check for docker-init in snap installs of docker.
(#51)
- --dbus-system: Disable services org.freedesktop.hostname1 and
org.freedesktop.locale1 if not running with --systemd. Can cause
container shutdown after some time.
- --hostdisplay: Fixed possible xhost -SI:localuser:$USER.
(#53)
- /etc/shadow: Fixed fedora issue with 000 file access.
(#53)

4.3.5 - 2018-06-21

Changed

- x11docker-gui runs from console, too.

Fixed

- --xorg and others on TTY failed due to xinit in subshell.
(regression in v4.3.4).
- --weston --size failed on tty, have to specify drm backend for check.
- timezone syncing: If setting TZ, positive offsets have been set wrong.
- timezone syncing: Regard TZ from host, not only /etc/localtime.
- --xpra: catch timeout disconnection that happens if using another tty
longer than 60s. Restart xpra client in that case.

4.3.4 - 2018-06-15

Changed

- --dbus-system --sharecgroup: support of elogind in container.
- Timezone syncing: Do not mount-bind /etc/localtime.
If tzdata is missing in image, but host and image have same libc,
provide current timezone file only. Create symlink /etc/localtime within
container. If all that fails, set TZ with offset to UTC.
(#50)
- Improved message.fifo handling from within dockerrc and container.
- Disentangled final code sequence of xinit and docker run.

Fixed

- Check for running docker daemon in dockerrc instead of using pidof.
(#49)
- Show error message if X server fails to start. Suppress warning if needless.
- --xpra: Do not exit on failed in xpra server log. (seen on Ubuntu 18.04).
- --xorg: Show Xwrapper.config warning if needs_root_rights=yes is
missing. (Seen on Ubuntu 18.04).
- --xorg: Password prompt did not appear on new display.
- --nothing: Bugfix password prompt on console.
- --nothing: Avoid startup error message.
- --nothing: Don't start X if running within X / dependency check issue.
- --nothing: Pull request for non-local images was invisible.

4.3.3 - 2018-06-05

Changed

- --no-init or missing tini resp. docker-init: use sh as PID 1
for desktop environments (--desktop) to allow logout.

Fixed

- fedora 28: Check for docker daemon with name dockerd-current
(#49)
- --auto: Prefer --hostdisplay for seamless apps if nothing else is
available.
- --wayland, --weston, --kwin, --hostwayland:
Show error and exit if no wayland environment can be provided.
- dockerrc messages forwarded to logfile fifo. (fixes "unknown file descriptor").

4.3.2 - 2018-06-03

Changed

- x11docker-gui is interactive now. Live preview of generated command.
Starting multiple x11docker instances possible. Copy-to-clipboard button.
- x11docker-gui: create list of installed images every time x11docker
or x11docker-gui runs and has enough permissions. Image list is used in
x11docker-gui in image combo.
- --cleanup: Running as root not mandatory.
- --clipboard: support xsel additional to xclip.

Fixed

- Starting in pure Wayland environments failed (regression in v4.3.0).
- --wayland, --weston, --kwin in pure Wayland: detect screen size.

4.3.1 - 2018-05-29

Changed

- --auto: prefer --nxagent over --xpra and --xephyr. Reasons:
Faster startup than --xpra. Flexible display size opposed to --xephyr.
Since Ubuntu 18.04 available to broader range of users than before.
- --runfromhost can be specified multiple times now.
- --runasroot can be specified multiple times now.
- --dbus-system and init systems: remove useless or failing dbus services.
- --systemd: mask some useless or failing units.
- set DISPLAY, XAUTHORITY, WAYLAND_DISPLAY and XDG_RUNTIME_DIR
in docker run command for easier custom use of docker exec.

Fixed

- --xpra: Deny to start xpra >2.2.5 and <r19519 due to MIT-SHM bug.
Show message that startup is only possible with --hostipc.
xpra bugticket: https://xpra.org/trac/ticket/1858
- --xpra: Warning and workaround for cookie bug in xpra >=v2.3.
xpra bugticket: https://www.xpra.org/trac/ticket/1859
- --xpra in desktop mode: Allow closing client window, don't restart.

4.3.0 - 2018-05-26

Added

- --stdin: Forward stdin of x11docker to image command.
- --showpid1: Echo host PID of container PID 1 on stdout.

Changed

- --security-opt=no-new-privileges for init systems and --dbus-system.
Now default for all options except --sudouser and --cap-default.
- --dbus-system and init system options: Run all except a few dbus
system services manually and show security warning message. Manual
start needed due to no-new-privileges, polkit setuid helper fails.
- Minimize or delete /etc/pam.d/su and delete /etc/pam.d/sudo.
Avoids security leak that would allow switching to root in container
if PAM configuration allows it and capabilities for su are given.
- Remove /bin/sh -c from extracted CMD image command.
- Regard WORKDIR in image, use it instead of HOME.
(#45)
- Logfile handling with fifo/named pipe.
- --auto: Tightened dependency check.
- Improved process watching using less resources. Faster shutdown.
- x11docker-gui: New structure using tabs.
- Some code cleanup.

Fixed

- Don't set -title in Xephyr command. Xephyr bug: Releasing keyboard
and mouse after grab (ctrl+shift) does not work with -title.
(#44)
- --nxagent: Fixed keyboard layout issue, don't use setxkbmap.
- --nxagent: Regard --keymap.
- --nxagent: Removed extension Composite, caused some issues.
- --exe: Don't pass file descriptors to host executable.
- --wayland Works with prissy GTK3 applications (e.g. xfce4-terminal) again,
needed user switching in --dbus-system for unknown reasons.
- --showid failed with sudo due to missing file descriptors. Using mkfifo now.
- Don't forward stdin as default, can cause trouble if empty. use --stdin instead.
- --xorg: disable screen saver (#46)

4.2.1 - 2018-05-10

Added

- Forward stdin of x11docker to container command with a named pipe/fifo.

Changed

- x11docker-gui: Use stdin for kaptain grammar transmission. Don't use cache.
- --dbus-system: Don't create --tmpf /tmp --tmpfs /run --tmpfs /var/run --tmpfs /run/lock.
(#43)
- Some internal improvements for faster startup and shutdown.

Fixed

- x11docker-gui: fixed x11docker startup failure due to changed stdout output.

4.2.0 - 2018-05-04

Added

- --group-add: New option to add groups to container user.
Needed instead of -- --group-add to cover user switching setups, too.
- --showid: New option to show container ID on stdout.
- --runfromhost: Replaces deprecated --add to have a meaningful option name.
Similar to already existing --exe, but integrates with container.
- --runasroot: New option to run command as root in container on startup.

Changed

- --gpu: Support for automatic installation of NVIDIA drivers in container.
Limited to glibc based image systems.
(#41)
- elogind support for --sysvinit, --openrc and --runit.
See also elogind in container: elogind#52
- --systemd: If host does not run systemd, create /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd.
- --dbus-system: wait for bus socket to be ready before continuing.
- --tini: Use tini-static from ~/.local/share/x11docker or
/usr/local/share/x11docker if available. Show message for this possibility
if /usr/bin/docker-init is missing. (Widespread docker packaging issue).
(#23)
- Avoid user switching except for --systemd, --sysvinit, --openrc and
--runit. (#42)
- Outsourced x11docker.png from x11docker-gui.
- No default output of container ID on stdout anymore. Use --showid instead.
- --silent: Do not show error messages except in logfile.
- --weston[-xwayland] --fullscreen: Use X backend if possible to prevent
possible crash with nested fullscreen weston in host drm weston.
- Disabled forwarding of stdin to container, has not been reliable.

Deprecated

- --add changed its option name to --runfromhost.

Fixed

- Don't share or link /tmp/.Xn-lock as usefulness is in doubt.
Avoids issues with x11docker/xwayland.
- --stdout --showid: Make sure container ID is shown first.

4.1.1 - 2018-04-12

Changed

- Mount nothing into /tmp as init cleanups may try (and fail) to delete it.
- Write or link into /tmp only _after_ possible init cleanup.
- Mount X socket r/w again as there is no longer a risk due to /tmp cleanups.
- --debug: Some changes for more useful debugging output.
Drop set -x in main code, instead set -Eu with trap ERR.
- --update/--update-master: Show excerpt of CHANGELOG.md.
- Check ENTRYPOINT for init entries /tini|/init|/systemd and disable it
if x11docker already runs an init. (Default: --tini.)

Fixed

- x11docker-gui regards new output of container ID now that confused output
of x11docker/kaptain and prevented start of x11docker.
- Mount WAYLAND_DISPLAY and DISPLAY at / instead of /x11docker/
in container.
Avoids a docker bug that only sometimes causes startup failure
stat /run/user/1000/wayland-600: no such file or directory.
Occasionally docker is confused about a mount point inside of a mount point.
Avoiding that now.
However, issue only seen with shared Wayland sockets and never with X
sockets, maybe due to different option positions in docker run command.
- --workdir: Avoid double setting of --workdir in docker command
if x11docker option --workdir is set. Caused no trouble, though.

4.1.0 - 2018-04-08

Added

- --update-master updates to latest x11docker master version.
(Formerly job of --update).

Changed

- --update updates to latest x11docker release on github.
(Formerly: latest master version).

4.0.0 - 2018-04-07

Changed

- Outsourced changelog from x11docker source code to CHANGELOG.md. (#38)
- Follow guidelines of Keep a Changelog.
- Stricter compliance to Semantic Versioning rules.

Notes

- Previous version links in changelog lead to history tree leafs with
corresponding x11docker script.
- Upcoming version links in changelog will lead to corresponding releases.

3.9.9 - 2018-04-06

Changed

- Removed --security-opt=no-new-privileges for
--systemd/--sysvinit/--runit/--openrc. (Undoes some changes
from V3.9.8.1). Will be reintroduced after further checks, caused issues
with x11docker/deepin and x11docker/cinnamon.
- --env: set environment variables in docker run, too.
Makes them available within docker exec.

3.9.8.5 - 2018-04-05

Changed

- finish(): run docker stop before creating timetosaygoodbye for
more graceful shutdown (#37)

Fixed

- Set correct XAUTHORITY in setup script.
- Disable User in systemd journal service, can fail in restricted setups.

3.9.8.4 - 2018-04-04

Added

- --workdir to set working directory different from HOME. (#36)

Changed

- --systemd/--dbus-system: changed su command to remove sh from pstree.

Fixed

- User group entry in /etc/group had wrong syntax.

3.9.8.3 - 2018-04-04

Fixed

- --dbus-system: must not set --security-opt=no-new-privileges,
important services like polkitd fail.

3.9.8.2 - 2018-04-03

Changed

- disable entrypoint tini if x11docker already runs an init system
(default: --tini/docker-init from docker). (#34)

3.9.8.1 - 2018-04-03

Changed

- --security-opt=no-new-privileges now always set except for --sudouser.
It does not harm switching from root to less privileged users.
_(Note: is undone in v3.9.9)_
- setup script with user switching: exec su instead of su to avoid
root shell in parent tree. su is now immediate child of init.

Added

- show container ID on stdout (#36).
Can be catched e.g. with read containerID < <(x11docker [...] ).

3.9.8.0 - 2018-04-02

Changed

- Removed Xtermlogfile, using Dockerlogfile instead.
Strange: solved missing output with --pw=su or --pw=sudo, too.

Fixed

- Escape special characters in --env, ENV and image command.
(Addresses #34, too, now solved better). _(Note: still have to escape some other optional arguments)_

3.9.7.9 - 2018-03-31

Changed

- Store parsed parts of Imagecommand in '' to allow constructs like
sh -c "cd /etc ; xterm"

Fixed

- Added --rm to docker run of environment check. (#34)

3.9.7.8 - 2018-03-31

Fixed

- Handle equal signs in container environment defined with ENV (#34)

3.9.7.7 - 2018-03-31

Fixed

- Handle whitespaces in container environment defined with ENV (#34)

3.9.7.6 - 2018-03-30

Changed

- mount X socket and lockfile read-only to protect from /tmp init cleanups.
- minor improvements of init system initialization

Fixed

- remove checks for --userns-remap and --selinux-enabled. (#33)

3.9.7.5 - 2018-03-30

Changed

- --dbus-system: drop explicit consolekit support
- --sysvinit,--openrc: disable getty in inittab instead of overwriting
inittab with shared volume
- --sysvinit: change rc.local in setupscript instead of overwriting it
with shared volume
- --openrc, --runit: create service in setupscript.
Drop some more capabilities

3.9.7.4 - 2018-03-26

Added

- --sysvinit for init system SysVinit in container. Tested with devuan.

Fixed

- --pulseaudio: need to set environment variable PULSE_SERVER.
(Was missing after switch from tcp to socket connection).
- --runit: add softlink for X socket in x11docker.CMD.sh for
compatibility with runit on debian.

3.9.7.3 - 2018-03-21

Changed

- --pulseaudio: share socket XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/pulse
instead of connecting over tcp.

3.9.7.2 - 2018-03-20

Added

- --add to add a host command in xinitrc.
- --debug to set -x in all scripts showing code lines while executed.

Changed

- --wm: fall back to autodetection if specified window manager not found.
- --dbus: enable automatically for --runit, --openrc
- consolekit: use automatically with --dbus-system, --openrc, --runit
- mywatch(): use watch again, now without sh -c
- --help: usage() cleanup

Deprecated

- --sharewayland, --waylandenv: not needed for anything anymore.
--wayland does the job.

Fixed

- writeaccess() handles user group names with spaces in it. #30
- --env: regard whitespace. Still need to handle special chars like "\'$.

3.9.7.1 - 2018-03-16

Fixed

- alpine images: /etc/shadow entry must be /bin/sh, --dbus-system with su fails with /bin/bash.
- openSUSE: finish(): replace bc with bash-only calculation, bc is missing on openSUSE.

3.9.7 - 2018-03-15

Changed

- structure change: don't sleep 1 for setup; instead wait for it in x11docker.CMD.sh resp. run su or init in setup
- xinitrc: some cleanup
- --verbose: power of moo
- SSH with --hostdisplay: set --hostipc, --hostnet and --trusted. Do not use X-generated cookie, bake it myself.

Fixed

- openSUSE/fedora: ps check for container pid; fixed desktop logout issue, too.
- ---weston/--weston-xwayland: do not start drm backend if started within X without DISPLAY -> crashed host X.
- regard SSH session, assume tty if DISPLAY is empty.
- --hostdisplay: don't set keymap.

3.9.6.1 - 2018-03-10

Changed

- --lang: replace locale-gen with more general available localedef.

Fixed

- --tini: check for docker-init in PATH, disable default option --tini if missing. (#23)

3.9.6 - 2018-03-09

Added

- --lang to set language locale in utf8, create it if missing.

3.9.5 - 2018-03-06

Added

- --keymap to set keyboard layout.

3.9.4.2 - 2018-03-06

Fixed

- Store keyboard layout (xkb_keymap) in separate file, not in xinitrc. Set on all X servers. #25

3.9.4.1 - 2018-03-06

Changed

- share /etc/localtime with container to have the same time zone as on host.

Fixed

- typo --pulseaudio

3.9.4.0 - 2018-03-05

Added

- --sys-admin: no longer deprecated, needed for systemd in debian 9 images (but not debian 10). Adds capability SYS_ADMIN.
- --hostnet replaces former --net.
- --hostipc replaces former --ipc.
- --dbus-system replaces former --dbus-daemon.

Changed

- --pulseaudio with --hostnet: no fallback to --alsa, use localhost IP instead.
- --pulseaudio --no-internet: fallback to --alsa.
- --auto --gpu: fallback to --hostdisplay for seamless mode if xpra and weston not found. (#23)
- clean up error message on docker startup failure, remove multiple error lines.
- stdout and stderr of image command outsourced of docker.log.
- docker log -f >> docker.log to get output in detached mode.
- more verbose messages in waiting subroutines.

Deprecated

- --net is replaced by --hostnet.
- --ipc is replaced by --hostipc.
- --dbus-daemon is replaced by --dbus-system.

Fixed

- mount /dev/dri and /dev/snd not only with --device, but also --volume to keep ownership+group. Workaround for bug in docker. #24.
- --hostdisplay: Use correct display number to share /tmp/.X0-lock, only share if it exists.
- --systemd: terminate x11docker if systemd startup fails.

3.9.3.2 - 2018-03-01

Added

- --no-xtest: disable extension XTEST. Default for most options.

Fixed

- openSUSE docker package misses init binary docker-init, show warnings for --tini. #23

3.9.3.1 - 2018-03-01

Fixed

- Avoid wrong XTEST warning messages.

3.9.3 - 2018-03-01

Added

- --xtest to enable X extension XTEST. Default for --xdummy, --xvfb, --xpra

Changed

- --tini: show warning for outdated docker versions without option --init and fall back to --no-init. #23
- --pulseaudio with --net: fallback to --alsa, disabling --pulseaudio.

3.9.2.3 - 2018-02-25

Changed

- set container GID of video and audio to same as on host. Avoids issues if container system has different GIDs than host.
- cat docker daemon messages for startup error message.
- mywatch(): replaced watch with custom sleep loop, watch failed in --hostdisplay (xinitrc) setups.
- mywatch(): verbose output.
- --exe: only forward stdin if not empty.
- finish(): use pkill in most cases instead of kill to avoid kill success messages.

Fixed

- --weston/--kwin: wait for file creation of wayland socket, checking logfile is not enough.
- --kwin: kwin_wayland seems to need dbus-launch now.

3.9.2.2 - 2018-02-09

Changed

- check free display and cache folder with find only.
- plasmashell added to possible window managers.

Fixed

- --exe: avoid possible hostexe options with basename for $Hostexebasename.
- typo checking /tmp/.Xn-lock.
- checking free display number: race condition if starting two x11docker instances at same time, second one failed because display number already in use.

3.9.2.1 - 2018-01-29

Changed

- create /x11docker/environment to store and provide container environment variables.

Fixed

- correct date/year in changelog. (#21)
- finish(): wrong warning although terminating bgpid was successful.

3.9.2 - 2018-01-21

Changed

- finish(): more precise check with pid and name before killing background pids.

Fixed

- add groups video and audio in docker run if su is not used in container. /etc/group changes by dockerrc seem to be not regarded in that case.

3.9.1.9 - 2018-01-17

Changed

- --xpra: if server crashes, use xpra option --mmap=no on restart.

3.9.1.8 - 2018-01-16

Changed

- --xpra: stop x11docker if xpra server crashes multiple times.

3.9.1.7 - 2018-01-15

Changed

- --gpu: share /dev/vga_arbiter and /dev/nvidia*.

3.9.1.6 - 2018-01-15

Changed

- --xpra: restart xpra server if it crashes (can happen with xpra 2.2, reason unknown)

3.9.1.5 - 2018-01-13

Fixed

- --xpra: reconnect to server after timeout (60s) if switching to console.

3.9.1.4 - 2018-01-12

Changed

- --help: some usage() updates.
- --xorg: create virtual framebuffer if no monitor is connected (headless server setup).
- --xpra: note that 2.1.x series is more stable than 2.2.x series.
- create $Cacherootfolder/Xenv.latest with latest X environment variables for easier custom access.
- --verbose --systemd: hide error messages: Failed to add fd to store | Failed to set invocation ID | Failed to reset devices.list
- --systemd: set global environment variable XAUTHORITY.

3.9.1.3 - 2018-01-04

Changed

- --dbus-daemon: set xhost +SI:localuser:$USER, needed for deepin.
- --pulseaudio: faster startup of pulseaudio, no sleep 1.
- create fake home directory and softlinks to sharedirs in CMD.sh, base is /fakehome now.
- extension XTEST: more restrictive defaults.

Fixed

- pull terminal did not appear if running from terminal.
- --systemd: global XAUTHORITY setting was wrong, removed at all.

3.9.1.2 - 2017-12-28

Changed

- --sudouser: root gets password x11docker, too. Allows su now.
- cut image command at # to allow comments in x11docker-gui examples.

Fixed

- check environment variables in image and set them in x11docker.CMD.sh. Allows PATH of x11docker/trinity again.
- parsing host XAUTHORITY if running from gksu.

3.9.1.1 - 2017-12-28

Fixed

- --systemd: directly share X socket as systemd can have issues with soft links

3.9.1 - 2017-12-25

Changed

- run in detached mode, drop mess of nohup/setsid/script
- --dbusdaemon: dropped consolekit, not really useful
- --dbusdaemon: switch only for --tini/--none. Always run daemon for --systemd --openrc --runit
- --systemd: create /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd if missing on host
- containersetup.sh collects most former docker exec commands from dockerrc

Deprecated

- --sys-admin: thanks to --tmpfs=/run/lock _(Note: reintroduced in v3.9.4.0)_

3.9.0.5 - 2017-12-21

Changed

- add capability DAC_OVERRIDE if user switching is allowed -> needed to change /etc/sudoers if ro.
- --systemd: adding --tmpfs=/run/lock allows to drop --sys-admin !

Fixed

- only create XDG_RUNTIME_DIR if not already existing.

3.9.0.4 - 2017-12-20

- changes to satisfy lirios/unstable:
- add docker run -ti
- run docker command with script -c to provide fake tty
- changed /tmp/fakehome to /home/fakehome
- use --workdir=/tmp, avoids issues with WORKDIR in image

Fixed

- --dbus: check for dbus-launch in x11docker.CMD.sh, not in dockerrc on host

3.9.0.3 - 2017-12-17

Changed

- switched back to /tmp/fakehome to avoid CHOWN and issues with --sharedir.
- drop --cap-add CHOWN.
- --sharedir: without --home[dir], create softlinks to /tmp/fakehome.
- --home: avoid conflict with --sharedir=$HOME, mount as $HOME/$(basename $HOME).
- only chown $Benutzerhome if --home[dir] is not used. Change non-writeable error in warning only.
- --hostdisplay: warning if host has no own cookie.

Fixed

- avoid grey edge with Xwayland, Xaxis must be dividable by 8.
- --sudouser failed to start

3.9.0.2 - 2017-12-16

Changed

- /etc/sudoers[.d/]: replace completely to avoid possible evil image setups.
- --cap-add CHOWN as default to allow /home/$Benutzer with --sharedir

3.9.0.1 - 2017-12-16

Changed

- use /home/$Benutzer instead of /tmp/fakehome.

Fixed

- --systemd: do not set environment variable HOME globally, root may write into it.

3.9.0 - 2017-12-15

Added

- --dbusdaemon to run dbus system daemon and consolekit in container.
- --openrc for init system OpenRC in container.
- --sharecgroup to share /sys/fs/cgroup. Default for --systemd, possible use cases for --openrc.

Changed

- /etc/shadow: disable possible root password.
- re-checked capabilities for init systems.
- --systemd: set environment globally, especially DISPLAY for x11docker/deepin is needed.
- --systemd: set xhost+SI:localuser:$Benutzer as XAUTHORITY seems to be ignored.
- /tmp/.ICE-unix created in dockerrc, root owned with 1777, needed for SESSION_MANAGER.
- --xorg: change Xorg to X. X is setuid wrapper for Xorg on Ubuntu 14.04.
- --xorg: +iglx removed from X options, not present in older versions of X, and maybe security issue.
- create user in dockerrc with docker exec instead of using createuser.sh.
- show image name and display in weston window title.

Deprecated

- --rw, root file system is always r/w now due to docker exec in dockerrc.

Fixed

- Ubuntu: avoid Wayland backend for Weston due to MIR issue. #19
- create /var/lib/dbus in dockerrc to avoid dbus errors with init systems.
- --runit: add SYS_BOOT even with --cap-default.

3.8.0 - 2017-12-04

Added

- --systemd to run systemd as PID 1 in container and run image command as a service.
- --runit for init system runit.
- --init for init system tini (default now, docker run option --init).
- --no-init to run image command as PID 1 (has been default before x11docker 3.8).
- --sys-admin for --cap-add=SYS_ADMIN. Needed for systemd in debian based images.
- --wayland to auto-setup Wayland environment.

Changed

- run init system tini as default with docker run --init.
- -W is now --wayland instead of --weston, -T for --weston now.
- container user password: x11docker (creating volume /etc/shadow).
- --sudouser: create user with docker run options instead of createuser script.
- --sudouser: create /etc/sudoers.d/$Benutzer with docker exec in dockerrc.
- --sudouser: create /etc/sudoers.d/$Benutzer instead of adding groups wheel and sudo.
- createuser.sh: check for useradd, if missing use adduser (fits fedora and alpine/busybox as well).
- $Sharefolder/stdout+sterr: chmod 666 to allow access with --user.
- --exe and --xonly: regard --home and --homedir, --user and --hostuser.
- check pids before calling mywatch().
- colored logfile output.
- --verbose: green colored output for logfile titles and verbose() lines.
- set env DISPLAY XAUTHORITY and WAYLAND_DISPLAY in x11docker.CMD.sh as systemd eats them otherwise.
- use docker run option --tmpfs for /tmp, /var/tmp and /run instead of --volume=/tmp.
- changed container share folder /tmp/x11docker to /x11docker to avoid issues with --tmpfs /tmp.

Fixed

- in createuser.sh: adduser failed with fedora based images, use useradd and usermod instead.
- --pw=gksu: avoid wrong docker startup error message, use nohup in dockerrc.
- --hostdisplay with --gpu needs trusted cookies.
- --xpra with --hostuser: create /run/user/$Hostuseruid if missing.

3.7.2 - 2017-11-11

Changes

- allow rw with --volume=/var/tmp, needed for x11docker/trinity.
- --nxagent: removed xhost startup workaround.
- $Hostxenv: removed custom environment.
- --nxagent: shift+F11 toggles fullscreen.
- --nxagent on Mageia: only show warning about seamless mode instead of disabling it.

Fixed

- su on console needs exec </dev/tty to have a tty environment.

3.7.1 - 2017-11-03

Changed

- read host cookie with xauth if XAUTHORITY is empty, can happen with xdm.
- --nxagent on Mageia: no seamless mode.
- replaced while/sleep loops with watch.
- alertbox(): regard DISPLAY, use $Anyterminal otherwise to support Wayland.
- weston.ini: keyboard config setting on console.
- fedora: show alert for --ipc/--trusted due to missing extension security.

Fixed

- fixes for gksudo and lxsudo.
- Ubuntu 16.04: --xpra: must not set --webcam=no due to old xpra version.
- --weston and --kwin on console, terminal for password prompt failed.

3.7.0 - 2017-10-30

Added

- --alsa for ALSA sound.

Changed

- auto-choose window manager in --xephyr/--xorg/--weston-xwayland/--kwin-xwayland/--xwayland except --desktop is set.
- new function alertbox(), outsourced from error(). Additional messagebox tools: yad, kaptain, kdialog, gxmessage, xterm.
- changed content of variable Xserver to X server option names itself.
- extended terminal list for password prompt/docker pull.
- --xhost: always disabling with no_xhost(), afterwards setting --xhost.

Deprecated

- --kwin-native, too much trouble, but less use.

Fixed

- --weston/--weston-xwayland: set backend in compositor command, weston's autodetection can fail.
- --kwin/--kwin-xwayland: set backend in compositor command, kwin's autodetection can fail.
- --kwin-xwayland: set keyboard layout.

3.6.3.9 - 2017-10-25

Changed

- show error messages regardless of --silent
- change sudo to sudo -E, needed for OpenSUSE
- code cleanup, some improved messages

3.6.3.8 - 2017-10-25

Changed

- fedora: set --ipc and --trusted for --hostdisplay only

3.6.3.7 - 2017-10-25

Fixed

- --hostdisplay on fedora: use host cookie, custom cookie is rejected

3.6.3.6 - 2017-10-24

Added

- --wmlist to retrieve list of window managers, used by x11docker-gui, not documented in --help

Changed

- --gpu: improved support in autochoosing mode
- disabled note of xpra keyboard shortcuts, takes too long
- hardcoded xpra environment variables, parsing xpra showconfig takes too long

Fixed

- --pw=sudo: issue with setsid

3.6.3.5 - 2017-10-24

Fixed

- xpra with host user root: set environment variables
- dbus-launch for konsole and terminator, needed in dockerrc

3.6.3.4 - 2017-10-23

Fixed

- add /usr/sbin to PATH, needed on mageia for ip
- --pw=sudo: setsid sudo fails, must use sudo setsid

3.6.3.3 - 2017-10-23

Changed

- removed experimental Code

Fixed

- --wm issue as root in xinitrc

3.6.3.2 - 2017-10-23

Changed

- remove debugging set -x in xinitrc

3.6.3.1 - 2017-10-23

Changed

- split X server command with \backslash in multiple lines

Fixed

- don't use su $USER in xinitrc

3.6.3 - 2017-10-20

Added

- --no-internet

Changed

- minor adjustments for compatibility with CentOS/RHEL, Arch and Manjaro
- allow gnome-terminal / self-forking terminals in general
- split docker command with \backslash in multiple lines

3.6.2.12 - 2017-10-18

Fixed

- dbus-launch disturbed gksu

3.6.2.11 - 2017-10-18

Changed

- CentOS/RHEL workaround: insist on root or gksu; terminal password prompt causes docker to terminate regardless of nohup

3.6.2.10 - 2017-10-17

Fixed

- Fixes in terminal emulator setup for password prompt and pull question (2)

3.6.2.9 - 2017-10-17

Changed

- xpra: set --file-transfer=off (stores files in Downloads from host, useless here)

Fixed

- Fixes in terminal emulator setup for password prompt and pull question

3.6.2.8 - 2017-10-12

Changed

- --xdummy/--xpra: add multiple modelines for virtual display sizes to allow flexible changes of xpra client desktop window
- --xpra: virtual display size always equal with physical display, create smaller mode in xinitrc -> allow fullscreen
- xpra: disable some unused, but possibly leaking features (forwarding of webcam, notifications, printer)
- xpra: set xpra specific environment variables in dockerrc
- xpra: show keyboard shortcuts

3.6.2.7 - 2017-10-08

Changed

- --xephyr: title for Xephyr windows
- --xephyr: Xnest as fallback for missing Xephyr
- --xpra --desktop hint: screensize bug fixed since xpra v2.2-r17117

3.6.2.6 - 2017-10-07

Fixed

- --xpra --desktop: use start-desktop instead of shadow

3.6.2.5 - 2017-10-05

Changed

- no_xhost()? after cookie creation avoids xhost warning on Xwayland
- --output-count in --auto mode: choose --weston-xwayland
- --display: allow : before display number
- sh instead of bash to run x11docker_CMD

3.6.2.4 - 2017-09-27

Changed

- --starter: missing xdg-user-dir is no longer an error
- --silent: redirect stderr already while parsing
- --user=root: disable --cap-drop=ALL
- --help: update usage info
- weston.ini: background color and zoom-in effect
- use Kwin/Kwin-Xwayland as fallback for Weston/Weston-Xwayland
- catch closing xpra client in every case, not only in desktop mode
- parsing cli options: check for remaining arguments $# instead of empty $1

Fixed

- --xonly: do not fail if docker daemon is not running

3.6.2.3 - 2017-09-19

Changed

- --xorg: only run setxkbmap in xinitrc if $Hostdisplay is set

3.6.2.2 - 2017-09-18

Changed

- --xpra --scale in desktop mode: regard different --dpi behaviour since xpra v2.2
- --help: update usage info
- setxkbmap for Xorg like for Xephyr, too
- weston.ini: added panel-position=none, different syntax for different weston versions (seen in Arch Linux).
- x11docker_CMD: replace shell with exec $Imagecommand (only if stdin is empty)

3.6.2.1 - 2017-09-15

Changed

- removed z flag in docker command, not needed with current SELinux solution
- --weston[-xwayland]: no output section on tty without --scale, --size or --rotate
- --weston[-xwayland]: allow --size on tty, though only "real" resolutions will take effect
- --xorg: --scale, --size: change primary monitor only, will do better on multi monitor setup
- --xdummy --gpu now possible on tty, too

Fixed

- --home: avoid creating $Adduserhomefolder with wrong restrictions if $Hostuser is different from $Benutzer
- Fixes in part: check screensize
- watch for closing xpra client in desktop mode to avoid invisible remaining x11docker
- --xorg on tty: do not set screen size without --size.

3.6.2 - 2017-10-10

Added

- --xfishtank to run xfishtank on new X server. Shows a fish tank.

Changed

- --westonini: regard for --xpra-xwayland and --xdummy-xwayland, too.
- PATH: adding /usr/games:/usr/local/bin. Can miss for root, but may be needed for --exe and --xfishtank
- check for X extension Security with xdpyinfo
- --clipboard for --hostdisplay: enable --trusted and --ipc, show warning.
- xpra startup after xinitrc, not inside. For better error handling
- removed ps loop in dockerrc, not needed anymore due to "docker run" in subshell
- waitforlogentry(): Just return 0 or 1 instead of calling error()
- changed logfile handling, move log from /tmp to $Sharefolder after tail -F

Fixed

- --sharedir, --homedir: allow whitespaces in path
- --cachedir: path must not contain whitespaces -> error()
- --westonini: allow whitespaces in path
- --pulseaudio: remove tcp module, store id in file to not loose it in subshell
- --exe: support of --stdout and --stderr
- error()/finish(): reliable error code before cache folder creation
- weston on tty: clean logfile & pidfile to allow second weston instance

3.6.1.11 - 2017-08-28

Changed

- clean check for stdin, no more workaround

3.6.1.10 - 2017-08-27

Changed

- --nothing: no check for successful startup, avoids error message for short-timed cli commands
- --showenv: wait with output until X is ready and accessible

3.6.1.9 - 2017-08-25

Fixed

- --home: remove debugging error message

3.6.1.8 - 2017-08-25

Changed

- provide stdin to host exe, too (--exe)
- --silent: suppress error dialog box, too
- more reliable exit code 1 on error

Fixed

- --orphaned: did not find cache folder
- --hostuser: cache folder created with root ownership

3.6.1.7 - 2017-08-22

Changed

- removed color from verbose(), looks strange in logfile

Fixed

- installer: check for installed unzip

3.6.1.6 - 2017-08-22

Changed

- code cleanup
- changed window manager priority
- SELinux: --security-opt label=type:container_runtime_t allows access to X unix socket
- --xorg: avoid searching for native resolution if --scale is set.
- --xorg: improved check for failed panning
- Logfile created in /tmp, moved later to $Cacherootfolder, to catch early messages
- code cleanup in variable definitions and option parsing

Fixed

- trap -EXIT avoids double call of finish(). faster shutdown now.

3.6.1.5 - 2017-08-21

Changed

- mkdir -p in installer for tmp folder: -p was missing, could cause error
- declare note() in xinitrc
- --scale support for --xorg
- --size without --scale for --xorg: first try --mode, than --panning

Fixed

- broken stdin pipe if running as root

3.6.1.4 - 2017-08-19

Changed

- beesu: new frontend for --pw available on fedora
- do not test for passwordless docker if --pw is set
- create non-existing shared home folder for user different from host user if running as root
- more verbose cache folder names, now with image name and X server in use

Fixed

- wrong file descriptor for messages before part init()
- passwordless sudo -n on fedora did not work with x11docker-gui started from menu instead of cli, without -n is ok

3.6.1.3 - 2017-08-17

Fixed

- installer: did not find icon at new location

3.6.1.2 - 2017-08-15

Changed

- no |tee to $Xtermlogfile on docker pull: better interactive output

Deprecated

- --resizeable: Xephyr can crash if resized.

3.6.1.1 -2017-08-16

Fixed

- timeout 3600 for xauth cookie creation. Needed to avoid cookie timeout on docker pull

3.6.1 - 2017-08-15

Added

- --stdout: show stdout of image command on stdout
- --stderr: show stderr of image command on stderr
- forward stdin of x11docker to image command
- --silent: suppress all x11docker terminal messages

Changed

- x11docker-gui trys to use image x11docker/kaptain if kaptain is not installed

3.6.0.5 - 2017-08-14

Changed

- note() instead of warning() for less urgent messages

Fixed

- opensuse: cookie creation failed due to different xauth behaviour
- sudo: do not prompt for password for docker stop in finish(), rather fail stopping

3.6.0.4 - 2017-08-14

Fixed

- do not complain about missing docker daemon on --xonly

3.6.0.3 - 2017-08-13

Changed

- xpra dpi warning only if --dpi or --scale is set
- cookie failure warning for untrusted cookies only

Fixed

- installer: remove older installations in /usr/local/bin

3.6.0.2 - 2017-08-13

Changed

- check for running docker daemon with $Dockerdaemon instead of ifconfig
- do not disable SELinux if --ipc is set

Fixed

- fedora: --xorg: add -keeptty if running from tty
- issue prevented --xorg from console if running in subshell
- finish(): check for still running container with ps, too. formerly root only could detect it

3.6.0.1 - 2017-08-12

Fixed

- --gpu: :rw,z does not work for --device

3.6.0 - 2017-08-12

Added

- --rw to allow read/write access to container root file system
- --pw to choose password prompt frontend. default: pkexec
- --no-entrypoint to disable ENTRYPOINT in image
- --hostuser to set host user different from $(logname)
- --desktop: no longer deprecated, easier to understand and remember than --wm=none

Changed

- -d: used for --desktop again, no longer for --dbus. --dbus now has short opt -b
- workaround: disabling SELinux for container until solution for sharing unix socket is found.
Compare: http://www.projectatomic.io/blog/2015/06/using-volumes-with-docker-can-cause-problems-with-selinux/
- install to /usr/bin instead of /usr/local/bin to support root
- chmod 755 instead of +x in installation
- check if docker is installed
- check if docker daemon is running (with ifconfig)
- use zenity or notify-send if xmessage is not available in error()
- replaced sed in xauth cookie creation, sed fails in openSUSE (!?)
- check for xpra --dpi bug in 2.1 series
- xpra --start-via-proxy=no for xpra >= 2.1
- --nxagent: temporary xhost +SI:localuser:$Hostuser workaround as it fails again to authenticate, nxagent does not divide between XAUTHORITY and --auth
- reduce dependency warnings for --auto
- prefer $Hostenv instead of $Newxenv for password prompt -> better support for gksu
- show docker pull output in a terminal window
- allow --hostdisplay with --xonly. May at least be useful to create an untrusted cookie.
- outsourced docker startup from xinitrc
- copy host cookie into $Cachefolder for compatibility with gksu
- use gksu/gksudo if available
- --showenv for --xonly
- finish(): try docker stop $Containername
- dockerrc: no ps/sleep loop if running as root
- don't start docker in xinitrc as xinit runs unprivileged
- --ps keeps cache files, too (formerly container only)
- improved X server check due to new variable $Desktopmode
- --fullscreen. Set fullscreen screen size for windowed options (xpra),too
- allow root to start x11docker, use $(logname) for X server and as container user

Deprecated

- --root: Can be achieved with --hostuser=root
- --no-password: check if docker can run without password makes --no-password needless. Still possible with --pw none

Fixed

- &, &&, ;, <, >, | and the like possible in image command again
- bugfixes in part "check window manager"
- repeating error message if waitforlogentry() failed
- cookie creation failed on X without extension Security. (fedora)

3.5.11 - 2017-07-12

Changed

- pull image if not available before calling docker run

3.5.10 - 2017-07-12

Fixed

- regard ENTRYPOINT in dockerrc

3.5.9 - 2017-07-09

Changed

- --home with --user=(unknown): only show warning (instead of error) not creating persistent home
- do not set write permissions on --home or --homedir folder for different users than $USER or --user. (Not x11docker's job)
- do not set --read-only if --user=0

Fixed

- chown x11docker_CMD to host user to avoid permission issues in $Sharefolder
- --user: use matching gid, gid was set to same as uid

3.5.8 - 2017-06-07

Added

- --xhost STR: to set xhost STR in xinitrc.
- --xvfb to explicitly use Xvfb and to clearly use Xdummy on --xdummy

Changed

- --kwin-native: always share Wayland (--sharewayland --waylandenv --dbus)
- docker run --read-only --volume=/tmp to restrict container filesystem as read-only (except for --sudouser)
- --xorg supports --rotate. (Xephyr could, but crashes -> Xephyr bug. Nxagent, Xdummy, Xvfb and Xwayland refuse this.)
- Xdummy script in $Cachefolder forked from https://xpra.org/trac/browser/xpra/trunk/src/scripts/xpra_Xdummy
- calculate VideoRam in xorg.xdummy.conf (instead of fat hardcoded 256000 kb)

Deprecated

- --xhost+: use --xhost STR instead.

Fixed

- --nxagent: due to update? must set nxagent -ac (=xhost +) temporary to allow xinit
- allow --wm for --kwin-xwayland

3.5.7 - 2017-06-28

Changed

- usage info for HTML5 web application setup
- redirect verbose output to &3 to show it in subshells, too, and to avoid possible collision with read < <()
- --env: set custom environment variables in dockerrc instead of in docker run
- removed unix in $Newxenv for DISPLAY to make xpra ssh setup easier
- Xdummy-Xwayland: new X server to provide --gpu for --xdummy based on weston, xwayland and xdotool
- always enable extension Xtest on --xdummy to allow xpra access
- share X socket to /tmp, create .X11-unix in dockerrc and softlink socket. This avoids writeable X11-unix in $Cachedir.
- --setwaylandenv: env now set in dockerrc instead of docker command

3.5.6 - 2017-06-21

Added

- --sudouser: reincarnated option to give sudo without password to container user.

Changed

- docker command one-liner extended to dockerrc. dockerrc creates x11docker_CMD. Can always extract image command without additional password prompt and create some environment.
- create /tmp/XDG_RUNTIME_DIR and softlink to wayland socket in container due to some KDE issues (XDG_RUNTIME_DIR must be owned by user). Fails with different --user
- create /tmp/.X11-unix with 1777 in container to allow new X sockets (especially for startplasmacompositor). Drawback: container writeable folder in cache
- warning with hint to use --xpra-xwayland if --scale is used with --weston-xwayland.
- shorter sleep in finish()
- don't search for deprecated /tmp/x11docker in checkorphaned()

Fixed

- avoid pointless warning about XTEST if not using xpra
- typo preventing start of --kwin and --kwin-native (-width instead of --width)
- bugfix parsing option --wm
- export $Hostxenv in error() was empty if called in xtermrc

3.5.5.2 - 2017-06-10

Changed

- update usage info for --xpra and --xpra-xwayland

3.5.5.1 - 2017-06-10

Fixed

- bugfix in --auto always choosing --xorg

3.5.5 - 2017-06-09

Changed

- autochoose xpra-desktop if xephyr is missing
- improved part: check virtual screen size
- changed dpi calculation depending on xpra mode
- desktop mode for xpra if --wm is given
- always set XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/tmp as some apps may expect it

3.5.4 - 2017-06-02

Changed

- disable extension XTEST if using wm from host (to avoid abuse of context menu of openbox and the like)

Fixed

- set rw access for /dev/dri (#12)

3.5.3 - 2017-05-29

Added

- --sharedir replaces --volume to avoid confusion

Changed

- update usage()
- mount $Sharefolder and its content read-only
- remove X11-unix from $Sharefolder
- set read-only for /dev/dri on --gpu
- --security-opt=no-new-privileges added to docker run

Deprecated

- --volume is now called --sharedir due to different syntax than docker option --volume

Fixed

- --pulseaudio: get and use IP of container instead of docker0 IP range (#11), disabling TCP module on exit

3.5.2 - 2017-05-22

Added

- --volume to share host folders

3.5.1 - 2017-05-19

Changed

- user creation with --addgroup video to support non-systemd and kde-neon gpu support
- create /tmp/.X11-unix with 1777

3.5.0 - 2017-05-17

Added

- --output-count to set amount if virtual screens/desktop windows for Weston, Kwin, Xephyr
- --westonini to specify a custom weston.ini for --weston and --weston-xwayland
- --cachedir: specify custom cache folder
- --homedir: specify host folder to share as home
- --trusted: enforce trusted cookies for --hostdisplay and --kwin-native
- --user to set user to use (name or uid, non-existing uids possible. default: host user)
- --cap-default: Allow docker default capabilities

Changed

- avoid Terminal window with --no-password
- --orphaned cleans /tmp/x11docker
- --env: regard whitespaces, use \n to divide entrys
- set mode=preferred for Weston on tty, ignore $Screensize
- extension XINERAMA disabled as multiple Xephyr outputs cannot handle it well
- create container home folder /tmp/fakehome in x11docker_CMD (avoids ownership problems with wine, and is less messy in /tmp)
- more failure checks in installer()
- check for --userns-remap, disabling it with --userns=host if --home or --homedir are set
- minor exploit check for DISPLAY XAUTHORITY XDG_RUNTIME_DIR WAYLAND_DISPLAY HOME
- automatically choose trusted or untrusted cookies
- show docker log in xtermrc if pulling image
- docker run --cap-drop=ALL as default
- reduce /etc/passwd and /etc/group to container user and groups user and videp only (except root, keeps whole files).
- creating container user similar to host user with docker run option --user and custom /etc/passwd instead of script createuser.
- --gpu: only share --device=/dev/dri instead of listing all files in it

Deprecated

- --cache

Removed

- --hostuser: effect of --hostuser is default now
- --sudouser: not possible anymore due to --cap-drop=ALL

Fixed

- -s KILL for weston on finish() avoids zombie weston window

3.2.1 - 2017-05-05

Fixed

- --scale with --xpra-xwayland under X without Wayland failed

3.2.0 - 2017-05-04

Added

- --scale: for xpra and weston
- --rotate for weston
- --dpi for screen density

Changed

- allow MIT-SHM for --exe

Fixed

- checking screensize in Gnome-Wayland failed looking for primary display, window was not roughly maximized
- missing error() in xinitrc

3.1.16 - 2017-05-03

Fixed

- bugfix for --xpra-wayland in check for WAYLAND_DISPLAY

3.1.15 - 2017-05-02

Changed

- faster startup for --xpra-xwayland, --weston-xwayland, --kwin and --kwin-xwayland
- code cleanup

Fixed

- bugfix in choosing terminal, replace $Waylandterminal with $Terminal in re-check
- bugfix xtermrc and xinitrc: check if $Dockerpidfile is not empty

3.1.14 - 2017-05-01

Changed

- checkorphaned() uses container names instead of numbers

Fixed

- --exe: reliable kill $Hostexe, even with --weston and --kwin
- remove : and / from image name in $Containername

3.1.13 - 2017-04-30

Changed

- Improved multimonitor support (still missing: multihead)
- removed $Cidfile at all, cleanup hint in finish() with $Containername

Fixed

- redirection of stderr without cat, avoids broken pipe on ctrl-c in ubuntu and opensuse
- removed custom socket in xpra (failed in opensuse)
- avoid root ownership for $Dockerlogfile and $Dockerpidfile

3.1.12 - 2017-04-29

Changed

- clean up confusion with x11docker.log
- don't share $Xclientcookie as $Sharefolder is already shared
- don't use $Cacherootfolder for parsererror
- hint to use --sudo on some systems
- use id -g instead of $Benutzer for group name
- add lsb-release -ds to verbose output

Fixed

- include warning() in xinitrc
- bugfix in xinitrc for --no-xhost

3.1.11 - 2017-04-29

Changed

- disabled $Cidfile as not important and due to #10

3.1.10 - 2017-04-28

Fixed

- check for xenial instead of 16.04/xvfb
- set XPRA_XSHM=0 on Shareipc=no
- disable --desktop-scaling in xpra, not supported before xpra v1.x

3.1.9 - 2017-04-27

Changed

- don't create Cacherootfolder in variable definitions
- check for Xvfb on Ubuntu 16.04

3.1.8 - 2017-04-25

Changed

- Add advice for --xorg how to setup xserver-xorg-legacy

3.1.7 - 2017-04-25

Changed

- --xpra and --xdummy now use Xvfb if installed. Compare #9, Xdummy cannot be used on Ubuntu 16.04 due to xorg.conf location
- set $Windowmanager in auto choosing X server if switching to desktop windows

3.1.6 - 2017-04-21

Fixed

- --nxagent: don't close nxagent on every call of nxclient (2)

3.1.5 - 2017-04-20

Fixed

- --nxagent: don't close nxagent on every call of nxclient

3.1.4 - 2017-04-19

Changed

- --nxagent supports untrusted cookies

Fixed

- don't set dpi if xdpyinfo fails

3.1.3 - 2017-04-18

Changed

- --nxagent cookie workaround as it ignores XAUTHORITY on option -auth
- --nxagent workaround to terminate on pressing window close button -> fake nxclient

Fixed

- typo in finish() looking for docker pid

3.1.2 - 2017-04-18

Changed

- --nxagent sets right keyboard layout, thanks to Ulrich!

3.1.1 - 2017-04-18

Changed

- --nxagent now supports --size, --fullscreen and --clipboard, thanks to Ulrich Sibiller from Arctica!
- check dpi from host and set this to new X server
- xpra xmessage to be patient
- disabled keyboard adjusting for --nxagent

3.1.0 - 2017-04-16

Added

- --nxagent for X server nxagent

3.0.0 - 2017-04-15

Added

- Wayland support.
- --wayland: auto setup for pure Wayland applications
- --weston for pure Wayland applications
- --kwin for pure Wayland applications
- --xpra-xwayland: new X server option to run xpra with GPU acceleration
- --kwin-xwayland: new X server option
- --weston-xwayland: new X server option, allows GPU acceleration
- --xwayland: new X server option
- --nothing: Provide no X or Wayland server
- --sharewayland: Share host wayland socket and set WAYLAND_DISPLAY
- --setwaylandenv: setting environment variables for toolkits like QT and GTK to use wayland
- --env: set custom environment variables (formerly --env had role of new --showenv)
- --dbus: run image command with dbus-launch
- --xhost+: set xhost + on new X server
- --showenv: formerly --env, show environment variables to access new X server

Changed

- second stderr &3 to show warnings and errors also from within xinitrc and xtermrc
- error messages on docker startup failure in xtermrc
- xdummy.conf or --xpra: custom modeline setting fitting to actual resolution
- --xdummy regards --size
- x11docker_CMD checks if ps is available
- --wm changed, autochoosing no longer default
- chmod 1777 /tmp/X11-unix to allow creation of X sockets in container (needed e.g. for startplasmacompositor)
- --verbose output much more reliebale now, tail improved
- use prefix unix for DISPLAY to disable MIT_SHM instead using other environment variables
- create dektop starter with basename instead of $0
- createuser: start with --user=0 to allow useradd and su
- reverse order of killing of bgpids in finish(),last one first, to catch possible further output with tail -F
- Newdisplaynumber for xorg starts with 8
- xinitrc: XPRA_OPENGL_DOUBLE_BUFFERED=1 to avoid xpra bug 1469
- check and set XDG_RUNTIME_DIR for weston and Xwayland

Removed

- --virtualgl, --dockerenv, --xpra-image, --xorg-image, --xdummy-image, --tcp --tcpxsocket --xsocket, --glamor, --sharegpu, --desktop, --xhost

---

README

x11docker: Run GUI applications in Docker or podman containers.

Avoid X security leaks and enhance container security

[](https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01349)
Latest release is v7.8.0

- Introduction
- Docker Desktop or Docker Engine
- TL;DR
- Features
- Supported systems
- Terminal syntax
- Options
- Choice of X servers and Wayland compositors
- Desktop or seamless mode
- Internet access
- Shared folders and HOME in container
- GPU hardware acceleration
- Clipboard
- Sound
- Webcam
- Printer
- Language locales
- Wayland
- Init system
- DBus
- Container runtime
- Backends other than docker
- Preconfiguration with --preset
- Default preset for all x11docker sessions
- Security
- Security weaknesses
- Options degrading container isolation
- Sandbox
- Security and feature check
- Installation
- Installation from distribution repositories
- Manual installation
- Installation options
- Installed files
- Shortest way for first installation
- Minimal installation
- Installation on MS Windows
- Deinstallation
- Dependencies
- Troubleshooting
- Core checks
- Privilege checks
- Other checks
- Contact
- Issues
- Contributing
- Support
- Donation
- Examples
- Single applications
- Desktop environments
- Adjust images for your needs
- Screenshots

Introduction

x11docker allows to run graphical desktop applications (and entire desktops) in Linux containers.
- Container tools like Docker) and podman allow to run applications in an isolated container environment.
Containers need much less resources than virtual machines for similar tasks.
- Docker and podman do not provide a display server that would allow to run applications with a graphical user interface.
- x11docker fills the gap. It runs an X display server and provides it to containers.
X servers can run from host or in a container of image x11docker/xserver.
x11docker supports Wayland as well.
- Additionally x11docker does some security setup to enhance container isolation and to avoid X security leaks.
This allows a sandbox environment that fairly well protects the host system from possibly malicious or buggy software.

Software can be installed in a deployable image with a rudimentary Linux system inside.
This can help to run or deploy software that is difficult to install on several systems due to dependency issues. It is possible to run outdated versions or latest development versions side by side.
Files to work on can be shared between host and container.

x11docker wiki provides some how-to's for basic setups without x11docker.

Docker Desktop or Docker Engine

Since a while Docker distributes a version called "Docker Desktop" that runs Docker in a QEMU VM.
x11docker support of this VM based version is experimental only and some features won't work; however, basic functionality is given.
Instead, rather use x11docker with the native and more performant "Docker Engine Server version"
that uses your host kernel to run containers.
- If you install Docker from your distribution's repository, you'll likely get this native version.
- The supported native Docker Engine package name is mostly docker.io or docker-ce, in opposite to the less supported VM based docker-desktop package.
- If you prefer podman over Docker, you don't need to care about this difference.

TL;DR

For a quick start:
- Install x11docker with:

curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mviereck/x11docker/master/x11docker | sudo bash -s -- --update

- Install dependencies:
- Either pull image x11docker/xserver or install at least nxagent or xpra and xephyr.
- Run a GUI in container with:

x11docker IMAGENAME [COMMAND]

- Add options:
- --desktop for a desktop environment in image.
- --gpu for hardware acceleration.
- Examples:

x11docker x11docker/xfce thunar
   x11docker --desktop x11docker/xfce
   x11docker --gpu x11docker/xfce glxgears

Features

- Focus on security:
- Avoids X security leaks by running additional X servers.
- Restricts container capabilities to bare minimum.
- Container user is same as host user to avoid root in container.
- Low dependencies:
- No obliging dependencies on host beside X and one of docker or podman. Recommended: nxagent and Xephyr, alternatively image x11docker/xserver.
- No dependencies inside of images except for some optional features.
- Several optional features like GPU, sound, webcam and printer support.
- Remote access with SSH, VNC
or HTML5 possible.
- Easy to use. Examples:
- x11docker x11docker/fvwm xterm
- x11docker --desktop --size 320x240 x11docker/lxde (needs nested X server Xephyr)

Supported systems

x11docker runs on Linux and (with some setup and limitations) on MS Windows. x11docker does not run on macOS except in a Linux VM.

Terminal syntax

Just type x11docker IMAGENAME [COMMAND].
- Get an overview of options with x11docker --help.
- For desktop environments in image add option -d, --desktop.
- For internet access use option -I, --network.
- To run without X at all use option -t, --tty.
- Get an interactive TTY with option -i, --interactive.
- See generated container backend command (and further infos) with option --debug.
- If startup fails, look at chapter Troubleshooting.

General syntax:

text

Usage:
To run a container on a new X server:
  x11docker IMAGE
  x11docker [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND]
  x11docker [OPTIONS] -- IMAGE [COMMAND [ARG1 ARG2 ...]]
  x11docker [OPTIONS] -- CUSTOM_RUN_OPTIONS -- IMAGE [COMMAND [ARG1 ARG2 ...]]
To run a host application on a new X server:
  x11docker [OPTIONS] --backend=host COMMAND
  x11docker [OPTIONS] --backend=host -- COMMAND [ARG1 ARG2 ...]
  x11docker [OPTIONS] --backend=host -- -- COMMAND [ARG1 ARG2 ...] -- [ARG3]
To run only an empty new X server:
  x11docker [OPTIONS] --xonly

CUSTOM_RUN_OPTIONS are just added to the docker|podman run command without a serious check by x11docker.

Options

Description of some commonly used feature options.
- Some of these options have dependencies on host and/or in image.
Compare wiki: feature dependencies.
- For often used option combinations you can make shortcuts with option --preset.

Choice of X servers and Wayland compositors

If no X server option is specified, x11docker automatically chooses one depending on installed dependencies
and on given or missing options --desktop, --gpu, --wayland and --xw. Most lightweight are nxagent and Xephyr.
- Overview of all possible X server and Wayland options.
- Hints to use option --xorg within X.
- Indicate a desktop environment with option --desktop.
- Use option --wayland to get a Wayland environment.
- Use option --xw to run X and Wayland applications side by side.
- Use option -t, --tty to run without X or Wayland at all.

Desktop or seamless mode

x11docker assumes that you want to run a single application in seamless mode, i.e. a single window on your regular desktop. If you want to run a desktop environment in image, add option --desktop.
- Seamless mode is supported with options --nxagent and --xpra. As a fallback insecure option --hostdisplay is possible.
- Desktop mode with --desktop is supported with all X server options except --hostdisplay. If available, x11docker prefers --xephyr and --nxagent.
- Special case: Single applications with a window manager (option --wm).
- If neither nxagent nor xpra are installed, but x11docker finds a desktop capable X server like Xephyr, it avoids insecure option --hostdisplay and runs Xephyr with a window manager.
- Running X and Wayland applications side by side is possible with --weston-xwayland --wayland, or, if running in a Wayland environment, with --hostdisplay --hostwayland.

Internet access

By default x11docker disables Network access for containers with --network=none because it targets best possible container isolation.
To allow internet access set option -I or --network.

Shared folders, volumes and HOME in container

Changes in a running container system will be lost, the created container will be discarded. For persistent data storage you can share host directories or volumes:
- Option -m, --home creates a host directory in ~/.local/share/x11docker/IMAGENAME that is shared with the container and mounted as its HOME directory.
Files in container home and user configuration changes will persist.
x11docker creates a softlink from ~/.local/share/x11docker to ~/x11docker.
- You can specify another host directory for container HOME with --home=DIR.
- You can specify a volume for container HOME with --home=VOLUME.
- Option --share PATH mounts a host file or folder at the same location in container.
- You can also specify a volume with --share VOLUME.
- --share PATH:ro restricts to read-only access.
- Device files in /dev are supported, too.
- Special cases for $HOME:
- --home=$HOME will use your host home as container home. Discouraged, use with care.
- --share $HOME will symlink your host home as a subfolder of container home.

Note that x11docker copies files from /etc/skel in container to HOME if HOME is empty. That allows to provide predefined user configurations in the image.

GPU hardware acceleration

Hardware acceleration for OpenGL is possible with option -g, --gpu.
- This will work out of the box in most cases with open source drivers on host. Otherwise have a look at wiki: feature dependencies.
- Closed source NVIDIA drivers need some setup
and support less x11docker X server options
for driver version < v470.x and Xwayland < v22.1.2.

Clipboard

Clipboard sharing is possible with option -c, --clipboard [=ARG].
- Optional argument cmv only provide host clipboard content to container if keys [CTRL][META][v] are pressed.
- Optional arguments c2h and h2c only transfers clipboard content from container to host or vice versa.
- Support of Wayland and X11 clipboards. Wayland windows might flicker due to focus issues with Wayland clipboard checks.

Sound

Sound is possible with options --pipewire, --pulseaudio and --alsa.
- For pipewire sound with --pipewire you need pipewire on host and pipewire in image. You likely also need pipewire-pulse and/or pipewire-alsa.
Pipewire packages for jack are available, too.
Compare wiki: feature dependencies.
- Special case: If you have pipewire and pipewire-pulse on host and pulseaudio client libraries in image, --pulseaudio=tcp would work.
- For pulseaudio sound with --pulseaudio you need pulseaudio on host and pulseaudio (at least the pulseaudio client libraries) in image.
Compare wiki: feature dependencies.
- For ALSA sound with --alsa you might need to specify a sound card with e.g. --alsa=Generic. Get a list of available sound cards with aplay -l.

Webcam

Webcams on host can be shared with option --webcam.
- If webcam application in image fails, install --gpu dependencies in image.
Compare wiki: feature dependencies.
- guvcview needs --pulseaudio or --alsa.
- cheese and gnome-ring need --init=systemd.

Printer

Printers on host can be provided to container with option --printer.
- It needs cups on host, the default printer server for most linux distributions.
- The container needs cups client libraries in image.
Compare wiki: feature dependencies.

Language locales

x11docker provides option --lang for flexible language locale settings.
- --lang without an argument sets LANG in container to same as on host. Same as --lang=$LANG
- x11docker will check on container startup if the desired locale is already present in image and enable it.
- If x11docker does not find the locale, it creates it on container startup. This needs some locale packages in image.
Compare wiki: feature dependencies.
- Examples: --lang=de for German, --lang=zh_CN for Chinese, --lang=ru for Russian, --lang=$LANG for your host locale.
- For support of chinese, japanese and korean characters install a font like fonts-arphic-uming in image.
- Keyboard input methods like fcitx-pinyin are possible with some container setup. Compare ticket #269.

Wayland

To run Wayland instead of an X server x11docker provides options --wayland, --weston and --hostwayland.
For further description loot at wiki: Description of Wayland options.
- Option --wayland automatically sets up a Wayland environment. It regards option --desktop.
- Options --weston runs Wayland compositor weston.
- Option --hostwayland can run applications seamless on host Wayland desktops like Gnome 3, KDE 5 and Sway.
- Example: xfce4-terminal on Wayland: x11docker --wayland x11docker/xfce xfce4-terminal

Init system

x11docker supports several init systems as PID 1 in container with option --init. Init in container solves the zombie reaping issue.
As default x11docker uses tini in/usr/bin/docker-init. Also available are systemd, SysVinit, runit, OpenRC and s6-overlay. elogind is supported, too.
Look at wiki: Init systems in Docker.

DBus

Some desktop environments and applications need a running DBus system daemon and/or DBus user session. DBus options need dbus in image.
- use --dbus to run a DBus user session daemon.
- A DBus system daemon will be started automatically with init systems systemd, openrc, runit and sysvinit (option --init).
- It is also possible to run a DBus system daemon with --dbus=system without advanced init systems. However, this causes trouble in some cases and is not recommended in general.
- use --hostdbus to connect to host DBus user session.
- use --share /run/dbus/system_bus_socket to share host DBus system socket.

Container runtime

It is possible to run containers with different backends following the OCI runtime specification. Docker's default runtime is runc. You can specify another one with option --runtime=RUNTIME.
Container runtimes known and supported by x11docker are:
- runc: Docker default.
- nvidia:
Specialized fork of runc to support nvidia/nvidia-docker images.
- crun: Fast and lightweight alternative to runc with same functionality.
- oci: Runtime reported in #205, no documentation found. Handled by x11docker like runc.
- sysbox-runtime: Based on runc, aims to enhance container isolation.
Support is experimental yet. Needs Sybox>=0.5.0 and kernel version >=5.12.

Using different runtimes is well tested for rootful Docker, but not for other backend setups.

Example: possible runtime configuration in /etc/docker/daemon.json:

json

{
  "default-runtime": "runc",
  "runtimes": {
    "crun": {
      "path": "/usr/local/bin/crun",
      "runtimeArgs": []
    },
    "nvidia": {
      "path": "nvidia-container-runtime",
      "runtimeArgs": []
    },
    "sysbox-runc": {
      "path": "/usr/bin/sysbox-runc"
    }
  }
}

Backends other than docker

x11docker supports container tools Docker) and podman
with option --backend=BACKEND in rootful and rootless mode.
Supported --backend arguments: docker podman host

Container backends:
- By default x11docker tries to run docker.
- To change the default --backend=docker to another one like --backend=podman, create a default file for --preset.
- Recommended for rootful container backend: docker or podman
- Recommended for rootless container backend: podman
- Only podman allows option --home in rootless mode yet.
- Only podman provides useful file ownerships with option --share in rootless mode yet.

Other supported backends that are in fact no containers:
- --backend=host runs a host application on a new X server. No containerization is involved.

Preconfiguration with --preset

For often used option combinations you might want to use option --preset FILENAME to have a command shortcut.
FILENAME is a file in ~/.config/x11docker/preset or in /etc/x11docker/preset containing some x11docker options.
- Example multimedia: Create a file ~/.config/x11docker/preset/multimedia:

text

--gpu
   --webcam
   --printer
   --pipewire
   --clipboard
   --share ~/Videos
   --share ~/Music

Use it like: x11docker --preset=multimedia jess/vlc
- Example deepin desktop: Instead of long command

text

x11docker --desktop --init=systemd --gpu --pulseaudio --home -- --cap-add=IPC_LOCK -- x11docker/deepin

you can create a file ~/.config/x11docker/preset/deepin containing the desired options and even the image name:

text

--desktop 
   --init=systemd
   --gpu
   --pulseaudio
   --home
   -- 
   --cap-add=IPC_LOCK
   -- 
   x11docker/deepin

Run with: x11docker --preset=deepin

#### Default preset for all x11docker sessions
You can create a default preset file that is applied on all x11docker sessions. You can think of it as a configuration file for x11docker.
- Example: To always use podman instead of docker, create a file with name default in ~/.config/x11docker/preset or in /etc/x11docker/preset with content:

text

--backend=podman

This will cause x11docker to always use podman instead of docker unless specified otherwise in the x11docker command.

The same way you can specify other and more options as default, e.g. --homebasedir=/my/containerhome/path.
Note that a local user default file will supersede a system wide default file.

Security

Scope of x11docker is to run containerized GUI applications while preserving and improving container isolation.
Core concept is:
- Runs a second X server to avoid X security leaks.
- This in opposite to widespread solutions that share host X socket of display :0, thus breaking container isolation, allowing keylogging and remote host control.
(However, x11docker provides this with fallback option --hostdisplay).
- Authentication is done with MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE, stored separate from file ~/.Xauthority.
- Creates container user similar to host user to avoid root in container.
- You can also specify another user with --user=USERNAME or a non-existing one with --user=UID:GID.
- Disables possible root password and deletes entries in /etc/sudoers.
- If you want root permissions in container, use option --sudouser that allows su and sudo with password x11docker.
- If you want to use USER specified in image instead, set option --user=RETAIN. x11docker won't change container's /etc/passwd or /etc/sudoers in that case. Option --home won't be available.
- Reduces container capabilities to bare minimum.
- Sets run option --cap-drop=ALL to drop all capabilities. Most applications don't need them.
- Sets run option --security-opt=no-new-privileges.
- These restrictions can be disabled with x11docker option --cap-default or reduced with --sudouser, --newprivileges.

That being said, the default docker capabilities and the seccomp/SELinux/apparmor profiles are set up well to protect the host system.
Nonetheless, x11docker follows the principle of least privilege.
Containers should not have capabilities or privileges that they don't need for their job.

Security weaknesses

- Possible SELinux restrictions are degraded for x11docker containers with run option --security-opt label=type:container_runtime_t to allow access to new X unix socket.
A more restrictive solution is desirable.
Compare: SELinux and Docker: allow access to X unix socket in /tmp/.X11-unix
- A possible user namespace remapping setup is disabled to allow options --home and --share without file ownership issues.
- This is less an issue because x11docker already avoids root in container.
- Exception: User namespace remapping is not disabled for --user=RETAIN.
- x11docker provides several different X server options.
Each X server involved might have its individual vulnerabilities.
x11docker only covers well-known X security leaks that result from X11 protocol design.
- An additional security layer for most supported X servers is set up if image x11docker/xserver is available.
It will be used automatically in most cases if available. Enforce its usage with option --xc=yes.

Options degrading container isolation

x11docker shows warning messages in terminal if chosen options degrade container isolation. Note that x11docker does not check custom DOCKER_RUN_OPTIONS.

_Most important:_
- --hostdisplay shares host X socket of display :0 instead of running a second X server.
- Danger of abuse is reduced providing so-called untrusted cookies, but do not rely on this.
- If additionally using --gpu or --clipboard, option --ipc=host and trusted cookies are enabled and no protection against X security leaks is left.
- If you don't care about container isolation, x11docker --hostdisplay --gpu is an insecure but quite fast setup without any overhead.
- --gpu allows access to GPU hardware. This can be abused to get window content from host (palinopsia bug) and makes GPU rootkits like keyloggers possible.
- --pipewire, --pulseaudio and --alsa allow catching audio output and microphone input from host.

_Rather special options reducing security, but not needed for regular use:_
- --sudouser allows su and sudo with password x11dockerfor container user.
If an application somehow breaks out of container, it can harm your host system. Allows many container capabilities that x11docker would drop otherwise.
- --cap-default disables x11docker's container security hardening and falls back to default container capabilities as provided by the backends docker or podman.
If an application somehow breaks out of container, it can harm your host system.
- --init=systemd|sysvinit|openrc|runit allow some container capabilities that x11docker would drop otherwise.
--init=systemd also shares access to /sys/fs/cgroup. Some processes will run as root in container.
If a root process somehow breaks out of container, it can harm your host system. Allows many container capabilities that x11docker would drop otherwise.
- --hostdbus allows communication over DBus with host applications.

Sandbox

Container isolation enhanced with x11docker allows to use containers as a sandbox) that fairly well protects the host system from possibly malicious or buggy software.
Though, no sandbox solution in the wild can provide a perfect secure protection, and Docker even with enhanced security settings from x11docker is no exception.

Using x11docker as a sandbox is not intended to run obviously evil software. Rather use it as:
- Compatibility environment to run software that is hard or impossible to install on host due to dependency issues.
- Development environment to collect libraries, compiler and so on to keep the host clean.
- Development environment to mitigate damage caused by unexpected/buggy behaviour.
- Security layer for software that may be malicious in worst case. Examples: Internet browser with enabled javascript, or wine with MS Windows applications.

x11docker already restricts process capabilities. You can additionally restrict access to CPU and RAM with option --limit.
As default --limit restricts to 50% of available CPUs and 50% of currently free RAM. Another amount can be specified with --limit=FACTOR with a FACTOR greater than zero and less than or equal one.

For more custom fine tuning have a look at Docker documentation: Limit a container's resources.

WARNING: There is no restriction that can prevent the container from flooding the hard disk storing the container or in shared folders.

Security and feature check

To check container isolation and some feature options use image x11docker/check and try out with several options.
- An insecure setup is x11docker --hostdisplay --gpu x11docker/check. It fairly well demonstrates common X security leaks.
- Add options like --pulseaudio --alsa --webcam --clipboard --printer to check their functionality.

Installation

Note that x11docker is just a bash script without library dependencies.
Basically it is just a wrapper for X servers and container backends docker and podman.
To allow advanced usage of x11docker abilities have a look at chapter Dependencies.

Installation from distribution repositories

x11docker is available as a package in some distributions.

Much thanks to the maintainers who decided to provide these packages! There are some hints for
packaging x11docker in the wiki.

Stable releases:
Latest release is v7.8.0 . The following badges need some time to refresh.

[](https://repology.org/project/x11docker/versions)

Latest git master/beta version:

[](https://repology.org/project/x11docker/versions)

Manual installation

#### Installation options
As root you can install, update and remove x11docker in system directories to be available system-wide:
- x11docker --install : install x11docker from current directory. (Useful to install from an extracted zip file or a cloned git repository.)
- x11docker --update : download and install latest release from github.
- x11docker --update-master : download and install latest master version from github.
- x11docker --remove : remove all files installed by x11docker.
- Note: This does not remove ~/.local/share/x11docker where it stores persistent files of option --home.
- x11docker --remove-oldprefix : Before version 7.6.0 x11docker installed itself into /usr/bin.
Now it installs into /usr/local/bin. Use --remove-oldprefix to remove /usr/bin installations.

To see the difference between current and coming updated version, you can use optional argument diff for --update and --update-master.
Example: x11docker --update-master=diff will show you the code changes from your current installation to latest master/beta version without installing it.

#### Installed files
What the installation does (just for information):
- Copies script x11docker to /usr/local/bin.
- Installs icon x11docker.png below /usr/share/icons using xdg-icon-resource.
- Copies documentation README.md, CHANGELOG.md and LICENSE.txt to /usr/local/share/doc/x11docker.
- Stores man page for x11docker in /usr/local/share/man/man1/x11docker.1.gz.

#### Shortest way for first installation:
- For systems using sudo:

curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mviereck/x11docker/master/x11docker | sudo bash -s -- --update

- Directly as root:

curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mviereck/x11docker/master/x11docker | bash -s -- --update

#### Minimal installation
You can run x11docker from an arbitrary location with bash x11docker or ./x11docker.
For minimal system-wide installation make x11docker executable with chmod +x x11docker and move it to /usr/local/bin (or another location in PATH).
Other files than script x11docker itself are not essential.

#### Installation on MS Windows
x11docker can run natively on MS Windows electively in one of:
- WSL (Windows subsystem for Linux)
- Cygwin
- MSYS2

Further information at wiki: x11docker on MS Windows.

#### Deinstallation
You can remove x11docker with x11docker --remove. That will remove the files listed above.
It will also remove ~/.cache/x11docker and stop all running x11docker containers.
x11docker will not remove:
- Files and folders for persistent data storage with option --home. These are:
- ~/.local/share/x11docker where persistent data is stored.
- Softlink ~/x11docker that points there.
- Folders you might have created yourself for x11docker:
- ~/.local/share/x11docker
- ~/.config/x11docker

Dependencies

x11docker can run with standard system utilities without additional dependencies on host or in image.
- As a core it only needs bash and one of docker or podman or to run containers on X.
- x11docker also needs an X server. x11docker can automatically use image x11docker/xserver that provides
most optional x11docker dependencies and several X servers and Wayland compositors so you won't need to install them on host.
- If you prefer to install dependencies on host:
- The recommended base commands are: nxagent Xephyr weston Xwayland xdotool xauth xinit xclip xhost xrandr xdpyinfo.
Some of them are probably already installed.
- See wiki: Dependencies - Recommended base for a package list matching your distribution.

Dependencies in image:
- Some feature options have additional dependencies on host and/or in image. This affects especially options --gpu, --printer, --pipewire and --pulseaudio.
- Compare wiki: feature dependencies.

Troubleshooting

For troubleshooting run x11docker in a terminal.
x11docker shows warnings if something is insecure, missing or going wrong.
Also it shows notes if options don't work and fallbacks are used.
It might give hints to fix some issues.

Core checks

1. Make sure your x11docker version is up to date with x11docker --update (latest release) or x11docker --update-master (latest beta).

2. Carefully read the regular x11docker messages. Often they already give a hint what to do.
- Use option -D, --debug to see some internal messages.
- Use option -v, --verbose to see full logfile output.
- You can find the latest dispatched logfile at ~/.cache/x11docker/x11docker.log.

3. Try another X server option.
- Some applications fail with fallback option --hostdisplay. Add --clipboard to disable some security restrictions of --hostdisplay.
- If that does not help, install additional X servers. The most stable and reliable option is --xephyr.

Privilege checks

Some applications need more privileges or capabilities than x11docker provides by default.
One attempt is to allow several privileges until the setup works. Than reduce privileges to find out which are needed indeed.
(Note the -- in the following commands, do not miss them).

1. Adding privileges:
- Try x11docker --cap-default IMAGENAME
- Try x11docker --cap-default --ipc=host --network=host IMAGENAME
- Try x11docker --cap-default --ipc=host --network=host --share /run/udev/data:ro -- --cap-add ALL --security-opt seccomp=unconfined --security-opt apparmor=unconfined --privileged -- IMAGENAME

2. Reducing privileges:
- Drop options one by one in this order: --privileged --security-opt apparmor=unconfined --security-opt seccomp=unconfined --cap-add ALL
--share /run/udev/data:ro --network=host --ipc=host --cap-default.
Only leave options that are needed to keep the setup working.
- Option --cap-default might already be enough. It allows default container capabilities as docker|podman would do on themself.
- You can just stop debugging and reducing here if you like to.
- You can try to reduce --cap-default. Partially remove additional options to find out which one(s) are needed:
- First try x11docker --newprivileges -- IMAGENAME
- Than try and reduce: x11docker --newprivileges -- --cap-add=SETPCAP --cap-add=MKNOD --cap-add=AUDIT_WRITE --cap-add=CHOWN --cap-add=NET_RAW --cap-add=DAC_OVERRIDE --cap-add=FOWNER --cap-add=FSETID --cap-add=KILL --cap-add=SETGID --cap-add=SETUID --cap-add=NET_BIND_SERVICE --cap-add=SYS_CHROOT --cap-add=SETFCAP -- IMAGENAME
- --cap-add ALL should not be considered to be a solution.
- Drop capabilities from following command to find the one(s) you need:
x11docker --cap-default -- --cap-add=SYS_MODULE --cap-add=SYS_RAWIO --cap-add=SYS_PACCT --cap-add=SYS_ADMIN --cap-add=SYS_NICE --cap-add=SYS_RESOURCE --cap-add=SYS_TIME --cap-add=SYS_TTY_CONFIG --cap-add=AUDIT_CONTROL --cap-add=MAC_OVERRIDE --cap-add=MAC_ADMIN --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --cap-add=SYSLOG --cap-add=DAC_READ_SEARCH --cap-add=LINUX_IMMUTABLE --cap-add=NET_BROADCAST --cap-add=IPC_LOCK --cap-add=IPC_OWNER --cap-add=SYS_PTRACE --cap-add=SYS_BOOT --cap-add=LEASE --cap-add=WAKE_ALARM --cap-add=BLOCK_SUSPEND --cap-add=AUDIT_READ -- IMAGENAME
- Many of these capabilities are rather dangerous and should not be allowed for a container. Especially to mention is SYS_ADMIN.
- Option --privileged should not be considered to be a solution. Basically it allows arbitrary access to the host for container applications.
- Likely you need to share a device file in /dev, e.g. something like --share /dev/vboxdrv.
- --ipc=host and --network=host severely reduce container isolation. Better solutions are desirable.

3. Open a ticket to ask for possibilities how to optimize the privilege setup.

Other checks

1. Container user: By default x11docker sets up an unprivileged container user similar to your host user.
- The image may have a USER specification and be designed for this user.
- Check for a USER specification in image with docker inspect --format '{{.Config.User}}' IMAGENAME
- You can enable this predefined user with --user=RETAIN
- The container might need a root user. Try with --user=root, maybe add --cap-default.

2. Init and DBus
- A few applications need a DBus user daemon. Install dbus in image and try option --dbus.
- A few applications need systemd and/or a running DBus system daemon. Install systemd in image and try option --init=systemd.

3. Architecture check of host OS and image
- The image may not be built for the architecture of your host OS. (ie. Image is built for amd64 but your OS runs on arm, e.g. on a RaspBerry PI).
With a mismatch the container will quit unexpectedly & x11docker may emit the error dockerrc(): Did not receive PID of PID1 in container.
- You can check the image architecture with docker inspect --format {{.Architecture}} IMAGENAME.
- You can check the host architecture with uname -m.
- For further information and multi-arch setups look at wiki: Multi-arch setups with QEMU.

Contact

Feel free to open a ticket if you have a question or encounter an issue.

Issues

If reporting an issue:
- Have a look at chapter Troubleshooting.
- Most times it makes sense to store the --verbose output (or ~/.cache/x11docker/x11docker.log) at pastebin.com.
- Personal information in the logfile is mainly the user name (also in paths) and some hardware and system information.

Contributing

If you want to contribute to x11docker, please open a ticket before creating a pull request.
Often it is possible to accomplish desired tasks with already available options.
Note that x11docker is considered to be stable and changes other than bug fixes are less likely to be merged. In general new features are not intended.

Support

Please open a ticket if you need support. Please note that x11docker is a non-commercial project maintained in free time.
I'll help where I can, but there is no organisation behind x11docker that can provide large scale support.

Donation

If you like to make a donation: Thank you! :)
Please have a look at my sponsor site.

Instead of sponsoring me, you can as well spend some money to Galsan Tschinag in Mongolia (Wikipedia).
One of his great projects is the afforestation of Mongolia.
A donation account in Germany is provided by Förderverein Mongolei e.V..

text

Förderverein Mongolei e.V.
IBAN DE7261290120 0394 3660 00
BIC GENODES1NUE
Volksbank Kirchheim-Nürtingen

I personally know some of the people behind this. I assure that they are trustworthy and have a great heart and soul and do a good thing.

Examples

Some x11docker image examples with desktop environments can be found on docker hub.
A special one to check features and container isolation is x11docker/check.

Docker does not provide automated builds for free anymore, so the images are becoming outdated.
Instead of pulling them, rather build them locally with x11docker option --build.

Some x11docker Dockerfiles are provided at https://github.com/mviereck?tab=repositories; look for repositories beginning with dockerfile-x11docker.
You can build locally from these Dockerfiles with x11docker option --build. Example:

text

x11docker --build x11docker/fvwm

Single applications

| Application | x11docker command |
| --- | --- |
| Xfce4 Terminal | x11docker x11docker/xfce xfce4-terminal |
| GLXgears with hardware acceleration | x11docker --gpu x11docker/xfce glxgears |
| Kodi media center with hardware acceleration, Pulseaudio sound and shared Videos folder. For setup look at ehough/docker-kodi. | x11docker --gpu --pulseaudio --share ~/Videos erichough/kodi. |
| XaoS fractal generator | x11docker patricknw/xaos |
| Telegram messenger with persistent HOME for configuration storage | x11docker --home xorilog/telegram |
| Firefox with shared Download folder and internet access. | x11docker -I --share $HOME/Downloads -- --tmpfs /dev/shm -- jess/firefox |
| Tor browser | x11docker -I jess/tor-browser |
| Chromium browser with restricted resource usage | x11docker -I --limit -- jess/chromium --no-sandbox |
| VLC media player with shared Videos folder and Pulseaudio sound | x11docker --pulseaudio --share=$HOME/Videos jess/vlc |
| GNU Octave Scientific Programming Language built for arm & arm64 | x11docker aptman/dbhi:bionic-octave octave |

Desktop environments

| Desktop environment (most based on Debian)| x11docker command |
| --- | --- |
| Cinnamon | x11docker --desktop --gpu --init=systemd --cap-default x11docker/cinnamon |
| deepin (website) (3D desktop from China) | x11docker --desktop --gpu --init=systemd -- --cap-add=IPC_LOCK -- x11docker/deepin |
| Enlightenment (based on Void Linux) | x11docker --desktop --gpu --runit x11docker/enlightenment |
| Fluxbox (based on Debian, 87 MB) | x11docker --desktop x11docker/fluxbox |
| FVWM (based on Alpine, 22.5 MB) | x11docker --desktop x11docker/fvwm |
| Gnome 3 | x11docker --desktop --gpu --init=systemd x11docker/gnome |
| KDE Plasma on X| x11docker --desktop --gpu --init=systemd x11docker/kde-plasma |
| KDE Plasma on Wayland| x11docker --weston --wayland x11docker/kde-plasma plasmashell |
| KDE Plasma as nested Wayland compositor| x11docker --gpu --init=systemd -- --cap-add SYS_RESOURCE -- x11docker/kde-plasma startplasma-wayland |
| Lumina (website) (based on Void Linux)| x11docker --desktop x11docker/lumina |
| LiriOS (based on Fedora) | x11docker --desktop --gpu lirios/unstable |
| LXDE | x11docker --desktop x11docker/lxde |
| LXDE with wine and PlayOnLinux and a persistent HOME folder to preserve installed Windows applications, and with Pulseaudio sound. | x11docker --desktop --home --pulseaudio x11docker/lxde-wine |
| LXQt | x11docker --desktop x11docker/lxqt |
| Mate | x11docker --desktop x11docker/mate |
| Trinity (website) (successor of KDE 3) | x11docker --desktop x11docker/trinity |
| Xfce | x11docker --desktop x11docker/xfce |

Adjust images for your needs

For persistent changes of image system adjust Dockerfile and rebuild. To add custom applications to x11docker example images you can create a new Dockerfile based on them. Example:

Dockerfile

xfce desktop with VLC media player

FROM x11docker/xfce
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y vlc

Screenshots

More screenshots are stored in screenshot branch

x11docker --desktop x11docker/lxqt

x11docker --desktop x11docker/lxde-wine

x11docker --desktop --gpu --init=systemd -- --cap-add=IPC_LOCK --security-opt seccomp=unconfined -- x11docker/deepin

---

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