## File: README.md
Implementations are for learning purposes only. They may be less efficient than the implementations in the Python standard library. Use them at your discretion.
## 🚀 Getting Started
📋 Read through our [Contribution Guidelines](CONTRIBUTING.md) before you contribute.
## 🌐 Community Channels
We are on [Discord](https://the-algorithms.com/discord) and [Gitter](https://gitter.im/TheAlgorithms/community)! Community channels are a great way for you to ask questions and get help. Please join us!
## 📜 List of Algorithms
See our [directory](DIRECTORY.md) for easier navigation and a better overview of the project.
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## File: .devcontainer/README.md
# Development Container
This is **Devcontainer** configuration to provide a consistent development environment for all contributors.
## Features
- [x] Pre-configured **Python environment**
- [x] Automatic installation of **pre-commit hooks**
- [x] **Ruff** linter ready to check your code
- [x] **Oh My Zsh** with plugins:
- `zsh-autosuggestions`
- `zsh-syntax-highlighting`
## Usage
1. Install [**Docker** ](https://www.docker.com/get-started/) and [**Visual Studio Code**](https://code.visualstudio.com/)
2. Install the **Remote - Containers** extension in VS Code
- Do `CTRL+P`, paste this command and press `Enter`
```shell
ext install ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers
```
3. Open this repository in VS Code
4. When prompted, click **"Reopen in Container"**
5. Wait for the environment to build and initialize
After setup:
- `pre-commit` hooks are installed
- `ruff` and other tools are available
- The shell uses Zsh by default
## Tips
To manually run checks on all files:
```bash
pre-commit run --all-files
```
> For further information here's [Microsoft tutorial about devcontainers.](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/devcontainers/tutorial)
---
## File: audio_filters/README.md
# Audio Filter
Audio filters work on the frequency of an audio signal to attenuate unwanted frequency and amplify wanted ones.
They are used within anything related to sound, whether it is radio communication or a hi-fi system.
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## File: backtracking/README.md
# Backtracking
Backtracking is a way to speed up the search process by removing candidates when they can't be the solution of a problem.
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## File: bit_manipulation/README.md
# Bit manipulation
Bit manipulation is the act of manipulating bits to detect errors (hamming code), encrypts and decrypts messages (more on that in the 'ciphers' folder) or just do anything at the lowest level of your computer.
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## File: blockchain/README.md
# Blockchain
A Blockchain is a type of **distributed ledger** technology (DLT) that consists of a growing list of records, called **blocks**, that are securely linked together using **cryptography**.
Let's break down the terminologies in the above definition. We find below terminologies,
- Digital Ledger Technology (DLT)
- Blocks
- Cryptography
## Digital Ledger Technology
Blockchain is also called distributed ledger technology. It is simply the opposite of a centralized database. Firstly, what is a **ledger**? A ledger is a book or collection of accounts that records account transactions.
*Why is Blockchain addressed as a digital ledger if it can record more than account transactions? What other transaction details and information can it hold?*
Digital Ledger Technology is just a ledger that is shared among multiple nodes. This way there exists no need for a central authority to hold the info. Okay, how is it differentiated from a central database and what are their benefits?
Suppose that there is an organization that has 4 branches whose data are stored in a centralized database. So even if one branch needs any data from the ledger it needs approval from the database in charge. And if one hacks the central database he gets to tamper and control all the data.
Now let's assume every branch has a copy of the ledger and then once anything is added to the ledger by any branch it is gonna automatically reflect in all other ledgers available in other branches. This is done using a peer-to-peer network.
This means that even if information is tampered with in one branch we can find out. If one branch is hacked we can be alerted, so we can safeguard other branches. Now, assume these branches as computers or nodes and the ledger is a transaction record or digital receipt. If one ledger is hacked in a node we can detect since there will be a mismatch in comparison with other node information. So this is the concept of Digital Ledger Technology.
*Is it required for all nodes to have access to all information in other nodes? Wouldn't this require enormous storage space in each node?*
## Blocks
In short, a block is nothing but a collection of records with a labelled header. These are connected cryptographically. Once a new block is added to a chain, the previous block is connected, more precisely said as locked, and hence will remain unaltered. We can understand this concept once we get a clear understanding of the working mechanism of blockchain.
## Cryptography
Cryptography is the practice and study of secure communication techniques amid adversarial behavior. More broadly, cryptography is the creation and analysis of protocols that prevent third parties or the general public from accessing private messages.
*Which cryptography technology is most widely used in blockchain and why?*
So, in general, blockchain technology is a distributed record holder that records the information about ownership of an asset. To define precisely,
> Blockchain is a distributed, immutable ledger that makes it easier to record transactions and track assets in a corporate network.
An asset could be tangible (such as a house, car, cash, or land) or intangible (such as a business) (intellectual property, patents, copyrights, branding). A blockchain network can track and sell almost anything of value, lowering risk and costs for everyone involved.
So this is all about the introduction to blockchain technology. To learn more about the topic refer below links....
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## File: boolean_algebra/README.md
# Boolean Algebra
Boolean algebra is used to do arithmetic with bits of values True (1) or False (0).
There are three basic operations: 'and', 'or' and 'not'.
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## File: cellular_automata/README.md
# Cellular Automata
Cellular automata are a way to simulate the behavior of "life", no matter if it is a robot or cell.
They usually follow simple rules but can lead to the creation of complex forms.
The most popular cellular automaton is Conway's [Game of Life](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conway%27s_Game_of_Life).
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## File: ciphers/README.md
# Ciphers
Ciphers are used to protect data from people that are not allowed to have it. They are everywhere on the internet to protect your connections.
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## File: computer_vision/README.md
# Computer Vision
Computer vision is a field of computer science that works on enabling computers to see, identify and process images in the same way that human does, and provide appropriate output.
It is like imparting human intelligence and instincts to a computer.
Image processing and computer vision are a little different from each other. Image processing means applying some algorithms for transforming image from one form to the other like smoothing, contrasting, stretching, etc.
While computer vision comes from modelling image processing using the techniques of machine learning, computer vision applies machine learning to recognize patterns for interpretation of images (much like the process of visual reasoning of human vision).
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